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Clicking any heading in the main data area (at right) will scroll the page back to this top position. Use the following links to jump to the associated section in the main data. Common Names Common Uses Countries of Distribution Ease of Drying Family Name Grain Heartwood Color Luster Nailing Natural Durability Numerical Data Planing Polishing Product Sources References Regions of Distribution Sapwood Color Scientific Name Screwing Strength Properties Texture Trade Name Tree Identification Tree Size Scientific Name Apeiba tibourbou Trade Name Cabeha de mono Family Name Tiliaceae Common Names Cabeha de mono, Cabeza de mono, Corho, Pacote, Piene de mico, Tobago sandbox Regions of Distribution Latin America, Oceania and S.E. Asia Countries of Distribution  [VIEW MAP] Brazil, Colombia, Peru, Trinidad and Tobago, Venezuela Common Uses Boxes and crates, Food containers, Fuelwood, Plywood, Veneer Heartwood Color White Yellow Green/grey Orange White to cream Yellow to golden-yellow to orange Greenish to greyish Sapwood Color Yellow White Same as heartwood Grain Even Straight Straight Texture Coarse Medium Medium to coarse Coarse Luster Medium Low Slightly lustrous Lustrous Natural Durability Perishable Susceptible to insect attack Non-resistant to powder post beetles Non-durable Non-resistant to termites Susceptible to attack from powder post (Lyctid & Bostrychid) beetles Non durable Susceptible to attack from termites (Isoptera) Perishable Ease of Drying Fairly Easy Easy Tree Identification Bole/stem form is cylindrical Bole/stem form is buttressed Tree Size Bole length is 10-20 m Tree height is 20-30 m Product Sources The ITTO reports that timber is produced and exported only occasionally from this species. Nailing Poor to Very Poor Results Fairly Easy to Very Easy Nails hold poorly Easy to nail Planing Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult Difficult to plane Screwing Poor to Very Poor Results Fairly Easy to Very Easy Poor results Easy to screw Polishing Poor to Very Poor Results Poor results Strength Properties Shrinkage, Tangential = small Shrinkage, Tangential = very small Shrinkage, Tangential = moderate Shrinkage, Radial = very small Shrinkage, Radial = small Shrinkage, Radial = moderate Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = very low Max. crushing strength = low Density (dry weight) = 15-22 lbs/cu. ft. Bending strength (MOR) = low Shrinkage, Tangential = large Shrinkage, Tangential = fairly large Shrinkage, Radial = large Shrinkage, Radial = fairly large Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = very low Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = low Numerical Data Item Green Dry English Bending Strength 6111 9589 psi Density 18 lbs/ft3 Maximum Crushing Strength 2139 3916 psi Shearing Strength 1221 psi Stiffness 1017 1199 1000 psi Weight 18 15 lbs/ft3 Radial Shrinkage 4 % Tangential Shrinkage 6 % Item Green Dry Metric Bending Strength 429 674 kg/cm2 Density 288 kg/m3 Maximum Crushing Strength 150 275 kg/cm2 Shearing Strength 85 kg/cm2 Stiffness 71 84 1000 kg/cm2 Weight 288 240 kg/m3 Radial Shrinkage 4 % References Berni, C.A., Bolza, E., Christensen, F.J.,1979,South American Timbers - The Characteristics, Properties and Uses of 190,Species,C.S.I.R.O Div. Building Research Erfurth, T., Rusche, H.,1976,The Marketing of Tropical Wood B. Wood Species from S. American Tropical,Moist Forests,F.A.O. Forestry Department Record, S.J., Hess, R.W.,1943,Timbers of the New World,Yale University Press Takahashi, A.,1975,Compilation of data on the Mechanical Properties of Foreign Woods (Part 2,Central and South America,Shimane University, Japan, Research Report on Foreign Wood No.4