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Clicking any heading in the main data area (at right) will scroll the page back to this top position. Use the following links to jump to the associated section in the main data. Boring Carving Common Names Countries of Distribution Cutting Resistance Distribution Overview Drying Defects Ease of Drying Environmental Profile Family Name Grain Heartwood Color Luster Mortising Moulding Natural Durability Numerical Data Odor Planing Polishing References Regions of Distribution Response to Hand Tools Routing & Recessing Sapwood Color Scientific Name Strength Properties Texture Trade Name Turning Scientific Name Xanthophyllum excelsum Trade Name Bok bok Family Name Xanthophyllaceae Common Names Anono, Bagarilao, Bagaulan, Balobo, Banig, Barakbak, Batobato, Batobatong-babae, Bok bok, Butungan, Kabol, Kangkangum, Latag, Magbok, Malagiting-biting, Managbak, Pagpagan Regions of Distribution Oceania and S.E. Asia Countries of Distribution  [VIEW MAP] Philippines Environmental Profile Extinct Vulnerable Endangered Status has not been officially assessed Distribution Overview The genus Xanthophyllum consists of trees and shrubs which occur in India, Southeast Asia and in tropical Australia. X. excelsum is indigenous to the Philippines. Heartwood Color Yellow Yellowish brown Yellow to golden-yellow to orange Light buff to yellowish brown Brown Sometimes with bluish black patches caused by fungus attack Sapwood Color Yellow Grain Even Interlocked Straight Straight Occasionally interlocked, but not always Texture Even or uniform Uniform Fine Medium Coarse Hard Luster High Dull Natural Durability Durable Moderately durable Moderately durable Deteriorate rapidly when exposed to the weather or in contact with the ground Odor No specific smell or taste Drying Defects Warping and checking are slight Ease of Drying Reconditioning Treatement Easy Boring Fair to good results Fairly easy to very easy Carving Fair to Good Results Fairly Easy to Very Easy Cutting Resistance Easy to saw Mortising Fair to Good Results Fairly Easy to Very Easy Moulding Fair to Good Results Fairly Easy to Very Easy Planing Fair to Good Results Fairly Easy to Very Easy Response to Hand Tools Yields a smooth, clean finish Responds well Routing & Recessing Fair to Good Results Fairly Easy to Very Easy Turning Fair to Good Results Polishing Very Good to Excellent Results Strength Properties Compression strength (parallel to grain) = high Bending strength (MOR) = very high Very hard Numerical Data Item Green Dry English Bending Strength 10300 17283 psi Crushing Strength 913 1631 psi Hardness 1737 lbs Impact Strength 33 inches Maximum Crushing Strength 4711 8663 psi Shearing Strength 1784 psi Static Bending 6286 10935 psi Stiffness 1544 2090 1000 psi Toughness 525 inch-lbs Specific Gravity 0.62 0.67 Item Green Dry Metric Bending Strength 724 1215 kg/cm2 Crushing Strength 64 114 kg/cm2 Hardness 787 kg Impact Strength 83 cm Maximum Crushing Strength 331 609 kg/cm2 Shearing Strength 125 kg/cm2 Static Bending 441 768 kg/cm2 Stiffness 108 146 1000 kg/cm2 Toughness 604 cm-kg References Chowdhury, K.A. and S.S. Ghosh. 1958. Indian Woods - Their Identification, Properties and Uses, Volume I - Dilleniaceae to Elaeocarpaceae. Published by the Manager of Publications, Delhi, India. Lauricio, F. M., Bellosillo, S. B. 1966. The Mechanical and Related Properties of Philippine Woods, The Lumberman, 12(5):A-H. Reyes, L.J. 1938. Philippine Woods. Department of Agriculture and Commerce, Technical Bulletin 7, Commonwealth of the Philippines, Bureau of Printing, Manila.