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Boring
Comments
Common Names
Common Uses
Countries of Distribution
Cutting Resistance
Drying Defects
Ease of Drying
Family Name
Gluing
Grain
Heartwood Color
Kiln Drying Rate
Kiln Schedules
Mortising
Moulding
Movement in Service
Nailing
Natural Durability
Numerical Data
Planing
Polishing
References
Regions of Distribution
Resistance to Impregnation
Response to Hand Tools
Sapwood Color
Scientific Name
Screwing
Strength Properties
Synonyms
Texture
Trade Name
Tree Identification
Tree Size
Turning

Scientific Name
Adina microcephala

Trade Name
Adina

Family Name
Rubiaceae

Synonyms
Breonadia microcephala


Wood Image 1

Common Names
Adina, African teak, Matoemie, Matumi, Mdogowe, Mgwina, Mingerhout, Mugonha, Mugunya, Mulamandia, Muonha, Muonya, Muwana, Muwona, Mwenya, Redwood, Sohihy, Transvaal teak, Watermatoemie, Wild oleander, Yombe

Regions of Distribution
Africa

Countries of Distribution  [VIEW MAP]
Kenya, Madagascar, Mozambique, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe

Common Uses
Agricultural implements, Bearings & bushings, Boat building (general), Bridge construction, Cabinetmaking, Canoes, Carvings, Flooring, Flooring: commercial heavy traffic, Flooring: industrial heavy traffic, Furniture, Heavy construction, Joinery, Light construction, Lock gates, Marine construction, Mine timbers, Piling, Posts, Railroad ties, Sporting Goods, Toys, Turnery

Heartwood Color
Black
Brown
Purple
Yellow to golden-yellow to orange
Brown
Pale red to pink
Pale brown
Black


Sapwood Color
Pinkish
Same as heartwood


Grain
Figure
Other (figure)
Straight
Even
Mottled (figure)
Distinct (figure)

Other figure
Straight
Mottled figure
Distinct and very fine figure


Texture
Medium
Fine


Natural Durability
Perishable
Non-durable
Non-resistant to powder post beetles
Susceptible to insect attack
Resistant to attack from termites (Isoptera)
Very durable
Durable
Resistant to attack from powder post (Lyctid & Bostrychid) beetles
Resistant to attack from marine borers


Kiln Schedules
Dry at a slow speed
Kiln Drying Rate (in days) is slow
UK=C US=T3C2/T3C1 Fr=3


Drying Defects
Distortion
Splitting
Checking
Moderate surface checking
Slight twist/warp
Moderate end spitting


Ease of Drying
Slowly
Moderate
Easy


Kiln Drying Rate
Naturally dries slowly
Drying rate is fairly rapid to fast
Slow (18-28 days for boards < 32 mm, to 52-84 days for boards >= 63 mm)


Tree Identification
Bole/stem form is straight


Tree Size
Tree height is 30-40 m
Bole length is 20-30 m
Bark width is 20-25 mm
Bole length is 10-20 m
Bark width is 15-20 mm
Tree height is 20-30 m
Bark width is 10-15 mm
Tree height is 40-50 m


Comments
General finishing qualities are rated as good

Boring
Fairly easy to very easy


Cutting Resistance
Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult to saw
Moderate to saw
Cutting Resistance with dry wood is easy
Cutting Resistance with green wood is easy
Cutting Resistance with green wood is difficult


Gluing
Gluing is often difficult


Mortising
Fair to Good Results
Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult
Fairly Easy to Very Easy


Moulding
Fair to Good Results
Very Good to Excellent Results
Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult
Fairly Easy to Very Easy


Movement in Service
Unstable with Poor Stability - Large Movement
Stable


Nailing
Very Good to Excellent Results
Fair to Good Results
Holds nails well


Planing
Fair to Good Results
Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult
Fairly Easy to Very Easy
Ease of planing is moderate
Planes well, to a good finish
Easy to plane


Resistance to Impregnation
Permeable sapwood
Resistant heartwood
Resistant sapwood


Response to Hand Tools
Easy to Work
Moderate working qualities


Screwing
Screwing yields good results


Turning
Good results
Easy to turn


Polishing
Very Good to Excellent Results
Fair to Good Results
Good results


Strength Properties
Density (dry weight) = 53-60 lbs/cu. ft
Bending strength (MOR) = medium
Shrinkage, Radial = small
Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = medium
Density (dry weight) = 61-67 lbs/cu. ft
Shrinkage, Tangential = small
Shrinkage, Radial = very small
Max. crushing strength = low
Shrinkage, Tangential = very small
Shrinkage, Tangential = moderate
Shrinkage, Tangential = fairly large
Max. crushing strength = medium
Density (dry weight) = 46-52 lbs/cu. ft.
Hardness (side grain) = medium
Bending strength (MOR) = high


Numerical Data
ItemGreenDryEnglish
Bending Strength1002115630psi
Density55lbs/ft3
Hardness1658lbs
Maximum Crushing Strength68999945psi
Shearing Strength1818psi
Stiffness166519231000 psi
Weight5444lbs/ft3
Radial Shrinkage3%
Tangential Shrinkage6%
ItemGreenDryMetric
Bending Strength7041098kg/cm2
Density881kg/m3
Hardness752kg
Maximum Crushing Strength485699kg/cm2
Shearing Strength127kg/cm2
Stiffness1171351000 kg/cm2
Weight865705kg/m3
Radial Shrinkage3%

References
Banks, C.H. and J.P. Schoeman. 1963. Railway Sleeper and Crossing Timbers. Bulletin No. 41, Republic of South Africa. The Government Printer, Pretoria, South Africa.

Banks, C.H., Schoeman, J.P., Otto, K.P.,1977,The Mechanical Properties of Timbers with particular reference to South,Africa,South African Forestry Research Institute Bulletin,(Ed.,Schoeman, J.P. 1973 & Otto K.P. 1976,No.48

Bolza, E., Keating, W.G.,1972,African Timbers - the Properties, Uses and Characteristics of 700 Species,C.S.I.R.O. Div. of Building Research

Gueneau, P., Gueneau, D.,1969,Proprietes Physiques et Mecaniques des Bois Malagaches,CTFT Madagascar

Palgrave, K.C.,1977,Trees of Southern Africa,Cape Town South Africa

Pardy, A.A.,1955,Notes on Indigenous Trees and Shrubs of S. Rhodesia - Adina microcephala,Ministry of Agriculture and Lands S. Rhodesia Bulletin No.1812

Scott, M.H.,1950,Notes on the more Important African Timbers Imported into the Union with,Special Ref. to Port. E.A. Species,Journal of the South African Forestry Association,No.19,pp18-62,[South,African Forestry Journal]

Scott, M.H.,1953,Utilisation Notes on South African Timbers,South African Forestry Department Bulletin No.36

Takahashi, A.,1978,Compilation of Data on the Mechanical Properties of Foreign Woods (Part,III) Africa,Shimane University, Japan, Research Report on Foreign Wood No. 7

Tanzania Forest Division,1966,Kiln Drying Schedules for Tanzania Timbers Technical Note no.38,Tanzania Forest Div. Util. Sec. Moshi

Tanzania Forestry Department,1966,Timbers of Tanganyika - Adina microcephala (mgwina, mdogowe,Tanzanian Forestry Department Utilisation Section, Moshi - Timbers of,Tanganyika

Zambia Forest Department,1979,Timbers of Zambia Adina microcephala and Amblygonocarpus andongensis,Zambia Forest Department, Division of Forest Products Research, Timbers of,Zambia Technical Note no.5/79









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