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Clicking any heading in the main data area (at right) will scroll the page back to this top position. Use the following links to jump to the associated section in the main data. Blunting Effect Comments Common Names Common Uses Countries of Distribution Cutting Resistance Drying Defects Ease of Drying Family Name Grain Heartwood Color Kiln Drying Rate Luster Movement in Service Natural Durability Numerical Data Planing Polishing References Regions of Distribution Resistance to Impregnation Sapwood Color Scientific Name Strength Properties Synonyms Texture Trade Name Tree Identification Turning Scientific Name Cassine buchananii Trade Name Cassine Family Name Celastraceae Synonyms Elaeodendron buchananii, Elaeodendron fresianum, Elaeodendron keniense Common Names Cassine, Enkanda, Mutanga, Mutanya, Mutimweru, Saonet, Sawanet, Sunwa Regions of Distribution Africa Countries of Distribution  [VIEW MAP] Kenya, Madagascar, South Africa, Uganda Common Uses Boat building (general), Door, Flooring, Flooring: industrial heavy traffic, Furniture, Handles: general, Heavy construction, Joinery, Ladders, Mine timbers, Piling, Plywood, Sporting Goods, Toys, Turnery Heartwood Color White Brown Red Pink Green/grey Pale brown Reddish brown Sapwood Color Red Brown White White to yellow Well defined Grain Even Closed Figure Straight Wavy Growth rings (figure) Wavy Straight Clear growth rings (figure) Texture Coarse Medium Fine Fine to medium Luster Low Natural Durability Perishable Non-durable Non-resistant to termites Susceptible to insect attack Moderately durable Resistant to attack from powder post (Lyctid & Bostrychid) beetles Drying Defects Splitting Checking Moderate surface checking Ease of Drying Rapidly Kiln Drying Rate Naturally dries quickly Tree Identification Bole/stem form is misshapen Comments General finishing qualities are rated as satisfactory Blunting Effect Little Cutting Resistance Cutting Resistance with green wood is moderate Movement in Service Excellent Stability - Small Movement Stable Planing Planes well, to a good finish Planes to a satisfactory finish Resistance to Impregnation Permeable sapwood Permeable heartwood Sapwood is moderately resistant Heartwood is extremely resistant Turning Good results Polishing Good results Strength Properties Density (dry weight) = 46-52 lbs/cu. ft. Max. crushing strength = high Density (dry weight) = 53-60 lbs/cu. ft Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = medium Shrinkage, Tangential = very small Shrinkage, Tangential = small Shrinkage, Radial = very small Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = medium Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = high Bending strength (MOR) = medium Bending strength (MOR) = high Work to Maximum Load = medium Toughness-Hammer drop (Impact Strength) = medium Shrinkage, Tangential = moderate Shrinkage, Tangential = large Shrinkage, Radial = small Shrinkage, Radial = moderate Numerical Data Item Green Dry English Bending Strength 11442 17761 psi Density 50 lbs/ft3 Maximum Crushing Strength 6899 9945 psi Shearing Strength 2525 psi Stiffness 1665 1923 1000 psi Toughness 250 inch-lbs Work to Maximum Load 12 17 inch-lbs/in3 Weight 49 39 lbs/ft3 Radial Shrinkage 3 % Tangential Shrinkage 6 % Item Green Dry Metric Bending Strength 804 1248 kg/cm2 Density 801 kg/m3 Maximum Crushing Strength 485 699 kg/cm2 Shearing Strength 177 kg/cm2 Stiffness 117 135 1000 kg/cm2 Toughness 288 cm-kg Work to Maximum Load 0.84 1.19 cm-kg/cm3 Weight 785 624 kg/m3 Radial Shrinkage 3 % References Bolza, E., Keating, W.G.,1972,African Timbers - the Properties, Uses and Characteristics of 700 Species,C.S.I.R.O. Div. of Building Research Dale, I.R., Greenway, P.J.,1961,Kenya Trees and Shrubs,Buchanans Kenya Estates Ltd. Nairobi Hatchards London Eggeling, W.J.,1940,Indigenous Trees of Uganda,Govt. Printer Entebbe Uganda Lavers, G.M.,1983,The Strength Properties of Timber (3rd ed. revised Moore G.L.,Forest Products Research Laboratory, Princes Risborough, Building Research,Establishment Report (formerly Bulletin No.50) Takahashi, A.,1978,Compilation of Data on the Mechanical Properties of Foreign Woods (Part,III) Africa,Shimane University, Japan, Research Report on Foreign Wood No. 7 Thomas, A.V.,1954,Malayan Timbers - Bintangor, geronggang, terentang,Malayan Forest Service Trade Leaflet,no.12 Wimbush, S.H.,1950,Catalogue of Kenya Timbers,Govt. Printer Nairobi Kenya