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Boring
Common Names
Common Uses
Countries of Distribution
Cutting Resistance
Drying Defects
Ease of Drying
Family Name
Gluing
Grain
Heartwood Color
Kiln Schedules
Luster
Mortising
Moulding
Nailing
Natural Durability
Numerical Data
Painting
Planing
Polishing
References
Regions of Distribution
Resistance to Impregnation
Response to Hand Tools
Sapwood Color
Scientific Name
Strength Properties
Synonyms
Texture
Trade Name
Tree Identification
Tree Size
Varnishing
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Synonyms
Trichilia eckebergia, Ekebergia meyeri
Common Names
Cape ash, Dog plum, Essen-boom, Essenhout, Koosho, Mgwenyezinja, Mudanhatsindi, Munyama, Munyimonyimo, Muvhwanyimo, Umgwenyezinja
Regions of Distribution
Africa
Countries of Distribution
[VIEW MAP]
South Africa, Zimbabwe
Common Uses
Boat building (general), Boxes and crates, Brush backs & handles, Cabinetmaking, Flooring, Food containers, Furniture, Handles: general, Joinery, Light construction, Matches, Millwork, Moldings, Paneling, Plywood, Pulp/Paper products, Sporting Goods, Tool handles, Toys, Turnery, Vats, Vehicle parts, Wheel spokes, Wheels
Heartwood Color
| Yellow to golden-yellow to orange |
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| Pale brown |
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Sapwood Color
Grain
| Straight |
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| Figure |
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| Distinct (figure) |
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| Even |
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| Straight |
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| Distinct and very fine figure |
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| Distinct figure |
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Texture
| Medium |
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| Fine |
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| Fine to medium |
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| Medium |
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| Coarse |
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Luster
Natural Durability
| Very durable |
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| Durable |
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| Non durable |
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| Sapwood is susceptible to wood staining fungal attack |
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| Susceptible to attack from powder post (Lyctid & Bostrychid) beetles |
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| Perishable |
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| Susceptible to attack from termites (Isoptera) |
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| Pinworms (ambrosia beetles) are commonly present |
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| Moderately durable |
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Kiln Schedules
| Drying (speed) is fast |
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| UK=E US=T6D2/T3D1 Fr=5 |
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| UK=A US=T2D4/T2D3 Fr=1 |
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Drying Defects
| Splitting |
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| Checking |
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| No end splitting |
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| Collapse and honeycombing is rare |
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Ease of Drying
| Fairly Easy |
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| Moderately Difficult to Difficult |
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| Easy |
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Tree Identification
| Bole/stem form is buttressed |
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Tree Size
| Bole length is 0-10 m |
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| Bark width is 25-30 mm |
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| Sapwood width is 0-5 cm |
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| Tree height is 0-10 m |
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| Tree height is 10-20 m |
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Boring
Cutting Resistance
| Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult to saw |
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| Cutting Resistance with dry wood is easy |
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Gluing
Mortising
Moulding
Nailing
Planing
| Planes well, to a good finish |
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Resistance to Impregnation
| Resistant heartwood |
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| Resistant sapwood |
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| Sapwood is permeable |
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| Heartwood is permeable |
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| Heartwood is moderately resistant |
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Response to Hand Tools
| Easy to Work |
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| Easy to machine |
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Painting
Polishing
| Fair to Good Results |
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| Very Good to Excellent Results |
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| Satisfactory results |
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Varnishing
Strength Properties
| Density (dry weight) = 31-37 lbs/cu. ft. |
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| Max. crushing strength = medium |
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| Shrinkage, Radial = very small |
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| Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = low |
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| Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = low |
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| Bending strength (MOR) = low |
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| Shrinkage, Tangential = very small |
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| Shrinkage, Radial = small |
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| Hardness (side grain) = soft |
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| Bending strength (MOR) = medium |
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| Shrinkage, Tangential = small |
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| Shrinkage, Tangential = moderate |
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| Shrinkage, Tangential = fairly large |
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| Shrinkage, Radial = moderate |
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Numerical Data
| Item | Green | Dry | English |
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| Bending Strength | 7391 | 11580 | psi |
| Density | | 32 | lbs/ft3 |
| Hardness | | 995 | lbs |
| Maximum Crushing Strength | 3916 | 6397 | psi |
| Shearing Strength | | 1560 | psi |
| Stiffness | 1358 | 1568 | 1000 psi |
| Weight | 31 | 25 | lbs/ft3 |
| Radial Shrinkage | 3 | | % |
| Tangential Shrinkage | 6 | | % |
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| Item | Green | Dry | Metric |
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| Bending Strength | 519 | 814 | kg/cm2 |
| Density | | 512 | kg/m3 |
| Hardness | | 451 | kg |
| Maximum Crushing Strength | 275 | 449 | kg/cm2 |
| Shearing Strength | | 109 | kg/cm2 |
| Stiffness | 95 | 110 | 1000 kg/cm2 |
| Weight | 496 | 400 | kg/m3 |
| Radial Shrinkage | 3 | | % |
References
Banks, C.H., Schoeman, J.P., Otto, K.P.,1977,The Mechanical Properties of Timbers with particular reference to South,Africa,South African Forestry Research Institute Bulletin,(Ed.,Schoeman, J.P. 1973 & Otto K.P. 1976,No.48
Banks, C.H.,1954,The Mechanical Properties of Timbers with Particular Reference to those,grown in the Union of South Africa,Journal of the South African Forestry Association,No. 24 pp.44-65,[South,African Forestry Journal]
Banks, C.H.,1970,The Durability of South African Wood and Wood Base Building Materials,South African Forestry Journal,No.75
Bolza, E., Keating, W.G.,1972,African Timbers - the Properties, Uses and Characteristics of 700 Species,C.S.I.R.O. Div. of Building Research
Chalk, L. et al.,1935,Fifteen South African High Forest Timber Trees,Forest Trees and Timbers of the British Empire, Imperial Forestry,Institute, Oxford,Part 3
France - C.T.F.T./C.T.B.,1982,Guide pour le Choix des Essences Deroulables-pour la fabrication du,contreplaque,C.T.F.T./C.T.B. France
Goldsmith, B., Carter, D.T.,1981,The Indigenous Timbers of Zimbabwe,Forestry Commission, Zimbabwe Research Bulletin No.9
Howard, A.L.,1948,A Manual of Timbers of the World.,Macmillan & Co. Ltd. London 3rd ed.
Scott, M.H.,1935,Weights of South African Growth Timbers,South African Department of Agriculture and Forestry Bulletin,No.145,Forest Products Institute, Forestry Series No.1
Scott, M.H.,1948,Timber Seasoning in South Africa,South African Forestry Department South Africa Bulletin No.32
Scott, M.H.,1953,Utilisation Notes on South African Timbers,South African Forestry Department Bulletin No.36
Sim, T.R.,1921,Native Trees of South Africa,Union of South Africa Department of Mines and Industries Memoir No.3
Takahashi, A.,1978,Compilation of Data on the Mechanical Properties of Foreign Woods (Part,III) Africa,Shimane University, Japan, Research Report on Foreign Wood No. 7
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