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Clicking any heading in the main data area (at right) will scroll the page back to this top position. Use the following links to jump to the associated section in the main data. Common Names Common Uses Countries of Distribution Cutting Resistance Drying Defects Ease of Drying Family Name Gluing Grain Heartwood Color Kiln Drying Rate Nailing Natural Durability Numerical Data Planing References Regions of Distribution Resistance to Impregnation Response to Hand Tools Sapwood Color Scientific Name Screwing Strength Properties Synonyms Texture Toxicity Trade Name Tree Size Turning Varnishing Scientific Name Poeciloneuron indicum Trade Name Balgi Family Name Guttiferae Synonyms Poeciloneuron pauciflorum Common Names Balgi, Ballagi, Kirballi, Poothankolli, Pudangalli, Pulivayala, Puthangali, Puthangkolli, Vaiya, Vayal, Vayila, Vazhala Regions of Distribution Oceania and S.E. Asia Countries of Distribution  [VIEW MAP] Burma, India Common Uses Boat building (general), Fuelwood, Heavy construction, Light construction, Poles, Posts, Railroad ties, Tool handles, Vehicle parts, Walking sticks Heartwood Color Red Brown Yellow Purple Orange Reddish brown Dark brown Sapwood Color White Yellow Paler than heartwood Grain Straight Interlocked Even Straight Interlocked Texture Fine Medium to coarse Coarse Natural Durability Very durable Resistant to termites Durable Susceptible to insect attack Resistant to powder post beetles Durable Moderately durable Toxicity Some toxic effects Drying Defects Checking Moderate end spitting Ease of Drying Fairly Easy Slowly Difficult Easy Kiln Drying Rate Slow Drying rate is slow Naturally dries slowly Tree Size Tree height is 0-10 m Tree height is 10-20 m Trunk diameter is 100-150 cm Cutting Resistance Easy to saw Cutting Resistance with green wood is easy Cutting Resistance with dry wood is easy Gluing Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult Nailing Pre-Boring Recommended Planing Fair to Good Results Very Good to Excellent Results Resistance to Impregnation Resistant heartwood Resistant sapwood Heartwood is extremely resistant Response to Hand Tools Fairly Difficult to Difficult to Work Easy to machine Moderate working qualities Screwing Pre-boring recommended Turning Fairly Easy to Very Easy Varnishing Fair to Good Results Fairly Easy to Very Easy Strength Properties Density (dry weight) = 53-60 lbs/cu. ft Density (dry weight) = 67-75 lbs/cu.ft Density (dry weight) = 61-67 lbs/cu. ft Toughness-Hammer drop (Impact Strength) = medium Toughness-Hammer drop (Impact Strength) = high Shrinkage, Tangential = large Shrinkage, Radial = large Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = very high Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = high Max. crushing strength = very high Max. crushing strength = high Bending strength (MOR) = medium Bending strength (MOR) = high Numerical Data Item Green Dry English Bending Strength 11442 17761 psi Density 52 lbs/ft3 Impact Strength 47 inches Maximum Crushing Strength 8467 11767 psi Stiffness 2373 2752 1000 psi Weight 51 48 lbs/ft3 Radial Shrinkage 6 % Tangential Shrinkage 10 % Item Green Dry Metric Bending Strength 804 1248 kg/cm2 Density 833 kg/m3 Impact Strength 119 cm Maximum Crushing Strength 595 827 kg/cm2 Stiffness 166 193 1000 kg/cm2 Weight 817 769 kg/m3 Radial Shrinkage 6 % References Chowdhury, K.A., Ghosh, S.S.,1958,Indian Woods: Their identification, properties and uses Vol. I,Dilleruaceae to Elaeocarpaceae,Manager of Publications, Delhi, India Gamble, J.S.,1902,A Manual of Indian Timbers,Sampson Low, Marston & Co. London Mathur, R.N.,1958,Borer damage to Mesua ferrea Linn and Poeciloneuron indicum Bedd.,Indian Forester 84(1) pp40-1 Nazma,1981,A handbook of Kerala Timbers,Kerala Forest Research Institute Research Report, No.9 Pearson, R.S., Brown, H.P.,1932,Commercial Timbers of India,Govt. Printer Calcutta,2 vols Tewari, M.C., Jain, J.C.,1980,Utilization of Secondary Species,Journal of the National Building Organization 25(2) pp1-6