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Blunting Effect Boring Comments Common Names Common Uses Countries of Distribution Cutting Resistance Drying Defects Ease of Drying Family Name Gluing Grain Heartwood Color Kiln Drying Rate Kiln Schedules Light-Induced Color Change Luster Moulding Nailing Natural Durability Numerical Data Planing Polishing References Regions of Distribution Resistance to Impregnation Resistance to Splitting Response to Hand Tools Sanding Sapwood Color Scientific Name Strength Properties Synonyms Texture Toxicity Trade Name Tree Size Turning Veneering Qualities Scientific Name Trichilia emetica Trade Name Adjidja-peso Family Name Meliaceae Synonyms Trichilia dregeana, Trichilia roka, Mafureira oleifeira Common Names Adjidja-peso, Adyanya-peso, Anona, Ashapa, Auungkampe, Cape mahogany, Chele, Goron talaka, Gwanja kusa, Ivoso, Jan saiwa, Jan saye, Kisiga, Mache, Mafurreira, Makaku, Maura, Mawa, Mnwamai, Mnwamaji, Mti-mai, Muchenya, Muchichiri, Mudi-madi, Mukuhlu, Munyama, Mururi, Musikili, Musikivi, Musinzi, Mutshitshivi, Mutsikiri, Mutwati, Natal mahogany, Rooi essenhout, Rooiessenhout, Thunder tree, Umkuhla, Yofuosi Regions of Distribution Africa, Oceania and S.E. Asia Countries of Distribution  [VIEW MAP] Kenya, Madagascar, Mozambique, South Africa, Zambia Common Uses Agricultural implements, Boat building (general), Boxes and crates, Cabinetmaking, Canoes, Carvings, Furniture, Handles: general, Joinery, Ladders, Light construction, Matches, Moldings, Musical instruments, Paneling, Particleboard, Plywood corestock, Plywood, Pulp/Paper products, Toys, Turnery, Veneer, Veneer: decorative Heartwood Color White Red Green/grey Brown Pale red to pink Pale brown Greenish to greyish Brown Sapwood Color White to yellow Grain Straight Wavy Figure Even Closed Distinct (figure) Variable (figure) Straight Wavy Distinct figure Variable figure Texture Fine Medium to coarse Coarse Medium Luster Dull Natural Durability Non-durable Perishable Susceptible to insect attack Resistant to powder post beetles Non durable Perishable Heartwood is susceptible to wood staining fungal attack Susceptible to marine borer attack Susceptible to attack from powder post (Lyctid & Bostrychid) beetles Susceptible to attack from termites (Isoptera) Sapwood is susceptible to wood staining fungal attack Light-Induced Color Change Darker Toxicity Poisonous Kiln Schedules Drying (speed) is fast Drying Defects Checking Slight surface checking Ease of Drying Easy Kiln Drying Rate Slow Drying rate is slow Tree Size Trunk diameter is 150-200 cm Tree height is 10-20 m Tree height is 20-30 m Trunk diameter is 100-150 cm Sapwood width is 10-15 cm Comments General finishing qualities are rated as good General finishing qualities are rated as satisfactory Blunting Effect High to severe Blunting effect on sawing green wood is moderate Boring Easy Cutting Resistance Easy to saw Cutting Resistance with green wood is easy Cutting Resistance with dry wood is easy Gluing Fairly Easy to Very Easy Moderate gluing properties Moulding Good finishing results Nailing Holds nails well Easy to nail Planing Fairly Easy to Very Easy Planes well, to a good finish Easy to plane Resistance to Impregnation Sapwood is permeable Heartwood is resistant Heartwood is moderately resistant Resistance to Splitting Good Response to Hand Tools Easy to Work Easy to machine Sanding Fairly Easy to Very Easy Very Good to Excellent Results Fair to Good Results Turning Fairly Easy to Very Easy Very Good to Excellent Results Fair to Good Results Easy to turn Veneering Qualities Good gluing qualities There is slight to moderate drying degrade and the potential for buckles and splits Suitable for peeling Easy to cut Bolt preparation requires steaming Polishing Fair to Good Results Good results Satisfactory results Strength Properties Density (dry weight) = 31-37 lbs/cu. ft. Density (dry weight) = 38-45 lbs/cu. ft. Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = low Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = very low Max. crushing strength = medium Bending strength (MOR) = low Shrinkage, Tangential = moderate Shrinkage, Radial = small Shrinkage, Radial = moderate Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = low Density (dry weight) = 23-30 lbs/cu. ft. Shrinkage, Tangential = small Shrinkage, Tangential = large Shrinkage, Tangential = fairly large Shrinkage, Radial = large Shrinkage, Radial = fairly large Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = very low Numerical Data Item Green Dry English Bending Strength 6111 9589 psi Density 33 lbs/ft3 Maximum Crushing Strength 3916 6397 psi Shearing Strength 1391 psi Stiffness 1153 1346 1000 psi Weight 32 25 lbs/ft3 Radial Shrinkage 4 % Tangential Shrinkage 8 % Item Green Dry Metric Bending Strength 429 674 kg/cm2 Density 528 kg/m3 Maximum Crushing Strength 275 449 kg/cm2 Shearing Strength 97 kg/cm2 Stiffness 81 94 1000 kg/cm2 Weight 512 400 kg/m3 Radial Shrinkage 4 % References Banks, C.H., Schoeman, J.P., Otto, K.P.,1977,The Mechanical Properties of Timbers with particular reference to South,Africa,South African Forestry Research Institute Bulletin,(Ed.,Schoeman, J.P. 1973 & Otto K.P. 1976,No.48 Bolza, E., Keating, W.G.,1972,African Timbers - the Properties, Uses and Characteristics of 700 Species,C.S.I.R.O. Div. of Building Research Dale, I.R., Greenway, P.J.,1961,Kenya Trees and Shrubs,Buchanans Kenya Estates Ltd. Nairobi Hatchards London Dalziel, J.M.,1937,The Useful Plants of West Tropical Africa,Crown Agents for the Colonies Eggeling, W.J.,1940,Indigenous Trees of Uganda,Govt. Printer Entebbe Uganda France - C.T.F.T./C.T.B.,1982,Guide pour le Choix des Essences Deroulables-pour la fabrication du,contreplaque,C.T.F.T./C.T.B. France Keay, R.W.J.,1964,Nigerian Trees Vol.2,Nigeria Federal Department of Forest Research, Ibadan Murira, K.,1984,Natural Durability Tests of Tanzanian Timbers 1955 - 1982,Tanzania Forestry Research Institute, Timber Utilisation Research Centre,,Moshi. Palgrave, K.C.,1977,Trees of Southern Africa,Cape Town South Africa Pardy, A.A.,1954,Notes on Indigenous Trees and Shrubs in Southern Rhodesia - Trichilia,emetica,Ministry of Agriculture and Lands S.Rhodesia Bulletin No. 1799 Patterson, D.N.,1963,The strength of Kenya timbers, their derivation and application,Kenya Forestry Department Research Bulletin,No.23 Scott, M.H.,1935,Weights of South African Growth Timbers,South African Department of Agriculture and Forestry Bulletin,No.145,Forest Products Institute, Forestry Series No.1 Scott, M.H.,1953,Utilisation Notes on South African Timbers,South African Forestry Department Bulletin No.36 Sim, T.R.,1921,Native Trees of South Africa,Union of South Africa Department of Mines and Industries Memoir No.3 Wimbush, S.H.,1950,Catalogue of Kenya Timbers,Govt. Printer Nairobi Kenya Zambia Forestry Department,1979,Timbers of Zambia Ricinodendron rautanenii and Trichilia emetica,Zambia Forestry Department, Division of Forest Products Research, Timbers,of Zambia - Technical note