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Common Names Common Uses Countries of Distribution Cutting Resistance Drying Defects Ease of Drying Family Name Gluing Grain Heartwood Color Kiln Schedules Luster Movement in Service Nailing Natural Durability Numerical Data Painting Planing Polishing References Regions of Distribution Resistance to Impregnation Resistance to Splitting Response to Hand Tools Sapwood Color Scientific Name Screwing Strength Properties Synonyms Texture Trade Name Tree Identification Tree Size Turning Varnishing Scientific Name Trilepisium madagascariense Trade Name Kakunze Family Name Moraceae Synonyms Bosqueia angolensis, Bosqueia phoberos, Bosqueia welwitschii Common Names Kakunze, Kalanda, Katomatoma, Lubelagaiyi, Lubelakaya, Mbaki bakie, Mbalakaya, Mkballakaya, Mlandege, Mlanyuni, Mmle, Mugwi, Mukobakoba, Mukunze, Mulamba, Munyabweya, Mupelenge, Nsabi, Okuri, Omukumbwe, Pakye pakyee Regions of Distribution Africa Countries of Distribution  [VIEW MAP] Congo, Ghana, Kenya, Nigeria, Uganda, Zaire, Zimbabwe Common Uses Agricultural implements, Boxes and crates, Cabinetmaking, Carvings, Fuelwood, Furniture, Joinery, Light construction, Matches, Millwork, Model airplanes, Particleboard, Plywood corestock, Plywood, Pulp/Paper products, Sporting Goods, Tool handles, Turnery, Veneer: decorative Heartwood Color White Yellow Brown Green/grey Red Pink Orange Yellow to golden-yellow to orange White to cream Red Purple Pale red to pink Pale brown Brown Sapwood Color Brown Yellow White Same as heartwood White to yellow Well defined Grain Figure Growth rings (figure) Clear growth rings (figure) Texture Medium Fine Medium Medium to coarse Fine to medium Fine Luster Medium High Natural Durability Perishable Moderately durable Non-durable Non-resistant to powder post beetles Susceptible to insect attack Perishable Non durable Susceptible to attack from powder post (Lyctid & Bostrychid) beetles Susceptible to attack from termites (Isoptera) Kiln Schedules UK=J US=T10D5S/T8D4S Fr=4 Drying (speed) is fast Drying Defects Checking Slight surface checking Slight end splitting Ease of Drying Easy Tree Identification Bole/stem form is buttressed Bole/stem form is straight Bole/stem form is not buttressed Bole/stem form is misshapen Tree Size Tree height is 10-20 m Cutting Resistance Easy to saw Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult to saw Moderate to saw Cutting Resistance with dry wood is easy Gluing Easy to glue Movement in Service Medium Nailing Fairly Easy to Very Easy Easy to nail Planing Fairly Easy to Very Easy Very Good to Excellent Results Fair to Good Results Planes well, to a good finish Easy to plane Resistance to Impregnation Heartwood is permeable Sapwood is permeable Heartwood is moderately resistant Resistance to Splitting Poor Response to Hand Tools Easy to Work Easy to machine Screwing Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult Difficult to screw Turning Poor results Painting Satisfactory results Polishing Good results Varnishing Good results Strength Properties Max. crushing strength = medium Hardness (side grain) = soft Density (dry weight) = 31-37 lbs/cu. ft. Bending strength (MOR) = medium Shrinkage, Tangential = fairly large Shrinkage, Radial = fairly large Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = very low Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = low Hardness (side grain) = very soft Toughness-Hammer drop (Impact Strength) = very low Toughness-Hammer drop (Impact Strength) = medium Toughness-Hammer drop (Impact Strength) = low Shrinkage, Tangential = small Shrinkage, Tangential = moderate Shrinkage, Tangential = large Shrinkage, Radial = small Shrinkage, Radial = moderate Shrinkage, Radial = large Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = very low Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = medium Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = high Max. crushing strength = low Max. crushing strength = high Density (dry weight) = 46-52 lbs/cu. ft. Density (dry weight) = 38-45 lbs/cu. ft. Bending strength (MOR) = high Numerical Data Item Green Dry English Bending Strength 10376 16163 psi Density 36 lbs/ft3 Hardness 801 lbs Impact Strength 27 inches Maximum Crushing Strength 4089 6549 psi Shearing Strength 1221 psi Stiffness 1616 1872 1000 psi Weight 35 28 lbs/ft3 Radial Shrinkage 4 % Tangential Shrinkage 8 % Item Green Dry Metric Bending Strength 729 1136 kg/cm2 Density 576 kg/m3 Hardness 363 kg Impact Strength 68 cm Maximum Crushing Strength 287 460 kg/cm2 Shearing Strength 85 kg/cm2 Stiffness 113 131 1000 kg/cm2 Weight 560 448 kg/m3 Radial Shrinkage 4 % References Bolza, E., Keating, W.G.,1972,African Timbers - the Properties, Uses and Characteristics of 700 Species,C.S.I.R.O. Div. of Building Research Forest Products Research Laboratory, Nigeria,1965,Nigerian Timbers for Matchmaking,Nigeria Fed. Department of Forest Research, Ibadan, Forest Products,Research Laboratory Report No.5 Fouarge, J., Gerard, G.,1964,Bois du Mayumbe,I.N.E.A.C. Belguim France - C.T.F.T./C.T.B.,1982,Guide pour le Choix des Essences Deroulables-pour la fabrication du,contreplaque,C.T.F.T./C.T.B. France Goldsmith, B., Carter, D.T.,1981,The Indigenous Timbers of Zimbabwe,Forestry Commission, Zimbabwe Research Bulletin No.9 Irvine, F.R.,1961,Woody Plants of Ghana,O.U.P. London Lebacq, L., Dechamps, R.,1967,Contribution a un Inventaire de Forets du Nord-kasai,Musee Royal de L'Afrique Centrale Belgium Annals Series 8 No.5 Logan, W.E.M.,1946,An Introduction to the Forests of Central and Southern Ethiopia,Imperial Forestry Institute, Oxford Paper No.24 Patterson, D.N.,1963,The strength of Kenya timbers, their derivation and application,Kenya Forestry Department Research Bulletin,No.23 Pieters, A.,1977,Essences Forestieres du Zaire,R.U.G. Gent Belguim Tack, C.H.,1969,Uganda Timbers,Govt. Printer Uganda Uganda Forest Department,1954,The Mechanical Properties of some Ugandan Timbers,Uganda Forest Department Timber Leaflet,No.1 United Kingdom - H.M.S.O.,1954,Report of the Matchwood Working Party,H.M.S.O. for the Board of Trade and Ministry of Materials Wimbush, S.H.,1950,Catalogue of Kenya Timbers,Govt. Printer Nairobi Kenya