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Clicking any heading in the main data area (at right) will scroll the page back to this top position. Use the following links to jump to the associated section in the main data. Common Names Common Uses Countries of Distribution Cutting Resistance Family Name Gluing Grain Heartwood Color Light-Induced Color Change Natural Durability Numerical Data Planing References Regions of Distribution Response to Hand Tools Sapwood Color Scientific Name Strength Properties Texture Trade Name Tree Identification Tree Size Turning Scientific Name Xylopia quintasii Trade Name Aghako Family Name Annonaceae Common Names Aghako, Asimba, Asimma, Bolonge, Brala, Elo, Gbanyi, Gbay, Gbay-dee, Kaba, Kpaini, Mvomba, Oba, Opalifon, Ovunien, Palufon, Udaofia, Waba Regions of Distribution Africa Countries of Distribution  [VIEW MAP] Cameroon, Ghana, Ivory Coast, Liberia, Sierra Leone, Zaire Common Uses Agricultural implements, Boat building (general), Chemical derivatives, Flooring, Heavy construction, Joinery, Millwork, Mine timbers, Poles, Posts, Railroad ties, Sporting Goods, Tool handles, Turnery, Vehicle parts Heartwood Color Brown Yellow Red Orange Yellow to golden-yellow to orange Pale brown Brown Sapwood Color White Yellow White to yellow Grain Even Straight Straight Texture Fine Fine Natural Durability Perishable Non-durable Resistant to termites Non-resistant to powder post beetles Non-resistant to marine borers Susceptible to insect attack Resistant to attack from termites (Isoptera) Non durable Susceptible to marine borer attack Susceptible to attack from powder post (Lyctid & Bostrychid) beetles Perishable Light-Induced Color Change None Tree Identification Bole/stem form is buttressed Tree Size Tree height is 20-30 m Bole length is 10-20 m Cutting Resistance Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult to saw Moderate to saw Cutting Resistance with dry wood is moderate Gluing Fairly Easy to Very Easy Easy to glue Planing Fairly Easy to Very Easy Very Good to Excellent Results Fair to Good Results Planes well, to a good finish Easy to plane Response to Hand Tools Easy to Work Fairly Difficult to Difficult to Work Moderate working qualities Easy to machine Turning Fairly Easy to Very Easy Very Good to Excellent Results Fair to Good Results Good results Easy to turn Strength Properties Shrinkage, Tangential = large Shrinkage, Radial = fairly large Shrinkage, Radial = large Max. crushing strength = high Density (dry weight) = 61-67 lbs/cu. ft Density (dry weight) = 53-60 lbs/cu. ft Density (dry weight) = 46-52 lbs/cu. ft. Bending strength (MOR) = very high Shrinkage, Volumetric = fairly large Shrinkage, Tangential = fairly large Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = low Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = medium Hardness (side grain) = medium Numerical Data Item Green Dry English Bending Strength 20907 29271 psi Density 54 lbs/ft3 Hardness 1658 lbs Maximum Crushing Strength 6899 9945 psi Shearing Strength 1560 psi Stiffness 1665 1923 1000 psi Weight 53 43 lbs/ft3 Radial Shrinkage 5 % Tangential Shrinkage 10 % Volumetric Shrinkage 13 % Item Green Dry Metric Bending Strength 1469 2058 kg/cm2 Density 865 kg/m3 Hardness 752 kg Maximum Crushing Strength 485 699 kg/cm2 Shearing Strength 109 kg/cm2 Stiffness 117 135 1000 kg/cm2 Weight 849 689 kg/m3 Radial Shrinkage 5 % Tangential Shrinkage 10 % References Bolza, E., Keating, W.G.,1972,African Timbers - the Properties, Uses and Characteristics of 700 Species,C.S.I.R.O. Div. of Building Research Cooper, G.P., Record, S.J.,1931,The Evergreen Forests of Liberia,Yale School Forestry Bulletin,31,pp1-153 Dalziel, J.M.,1937,The Useful Plants of West Tropical Africa,Crown Agents for the Colonies Irvine, F.R.,1961,Woody Plants of Ghana,O.U.P. London Keay, R.W.J., et al,1960,Nigerian Trees Vol.1,Nigeria Federal Department of Forest Research, Ibadan Kunkel, G.,1965,The Trees of Liberia,German Forestry Mission to Liberia Report,No.3 Sallenave, P.,1964,Proprietes Physiques et Mecaniques des Bois Tropicaux (Premier Supplement,C.T.F.T. Publ.,no.23 Takahashi, A.,1978,Compilation of Data on the Mechanical Properties of Foreign Woods (Part,III) Africa,Shimane University, Japan, Research Report on Foreign Wood No. 7