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Blunting Effect Boring Carving Comments Common Names Common Uses Countries of Distribution Cutting Resistance Drying Defects Ease of Drying Environmental Profile Family Name Gluing Grain Heartwood Color Kiln Drying Rate Luster Mortising Moulding Movement in Service Nailing Natural Durability Numerical Data Planing Polishing References Regions of Distribution Response to Hand Tools Sanding Sapwood Color Scientific Name Staining Strength Properties Synonyms Texture Toxicity Trade Name Tree Identification Tree Size Turning Veneering Qualities Scientific Name Brosimum paraense Trade Name Adda Family Name Moraceae Synonyms Piratinera paraense, Ferolia guianensis Common Names Adda, Ajeersi, Bloodwood, Bois baroit, Bois de Cayenne, Bois de feroles, Bois de lettre rouge, Bois satine, Brazil redwood, Cacique, Cardinal wood, Conduru, Conduru de sangue, Dukaliballi, Gonduru, Marequende, Meurapiranga, Moira-piranga, Muirapiranga, Oolemeriballi, Palo de sangre, Palo sangre, Pao rainha, Partridgewood, Satijnhout, Satinay, Satine, Satine gris, Satine rubane, Satine rubanne, Satinwood, Sokoneballi, South American satinwood, Warimibali Regions of Distribution Central America, Latin America Countries of Distribution  [VIEW MAP] Brazil, French Guiana, Guyana, Panama, Peru, Suriname, Venezuela Common Uses Agricultural implements, Boat building: framing, Cabinetmaking, Carvings, Chairs, Fishing rods, Flooring, Furniture, Heavy construction, Joinery, Light construction, Mathematical instruments, Mine timbers, Poles, Railroad ties, Roofing, Sporting Goods, Tool handles, Turnery, Vehicle parts, Veneer: decorative Environmental Profile Vulnerable Abundant/Secure Heartwood Color Brown Red White Purple Green/grey Yellow to golden-yellow to orange Red Reddish brown Greenish to greyish Sapwood Color Red Brown White Clearly differentiated from the heartwood White to yellow Pinkish Color not distinct from heartwood Grain Straight Figure Closed Even Wavy Other (figure) Straight Wavy Other figure Texture Fine Even or uniform Uniform Fine Luster Low Medium Pronounced Lustrous Natural Durability Very durable Durable Susceptible to insect attack Perishable Moderately durable Resistant to powder post beetles Very durable Resistant to attack from termites (Isoptera) Susceptible to attack from powder post (Lyctid & Bostrychid) beetles Resistant to attack from powder post (Lyctid & Bostrychid) beetles Resistant to attack from marine borers Durable Toxicity Unspecified toxicity Drying Defects Checking Splitting Ease of Drying Fairly Easy Rapidly Thick Stock Requires Care Slowly Reconditioning Treatement Easy Kiln Drying Rate Naturally dries slowly Naturally dries quickly Tree Identification Bole/stem form is cylindrical Bole/stem form is buttressed Tree Size Trunk diameter is 150-200 cm Bole length is 10-20 m Tree height is 40-50 m Trunk diameter is 100-150 cm Tree height is 30-40 m Tree height is 10-20 m Tree height is 20-30 m Bole length is 0-10 m Trunk diameter is 200-250 cm Comments General finishing qualities are rated as good Blunting Effect Little Boring Fair to good results Carving Fair to Good Results Cutting Resistance Easy to saw Gluing Fair to Good Results Fairly Easy to Very Easy Easy to glue Mortising Fair to Good Results Moulding Fair to Good Results Movement in Service Small Nailing Difficult to nail Possible if prebored Planing Fairly Easy to Very Easy Fair to Good Results Very Good to Excellent Results Response to Hand Tools Easy to Work Responds Readily Easy to machine Moderate working qualities Difficult to machine Sanding Very Good to Excellent Results Fair to Good Results Fairly Easy to Very Easy Turning Fairly Easy to Very Easy Very Good to Excellent Results Easy to turn Veneering Qualities Suitable for peeling Veneers easily Veneers moderately easy Polishing Fair to Good Results Satisfactory results Good results Staining Fairly Easy to Very Easy Very Good to Excellent Results Fair to Good Results Strength Properties Density (dry weight) = 61-67 lbs/cu.ft. Dnesity (dry wieght) = 53-60 lbs/cu. ft. Shrinkage, Tangential = moderate Shrinkage, Volumetric = moderate Shrinkage, Tangential = large Shrinkage, Tangential = fairly large Shrinkage, Radial = large Shrinkage, Radial = fairly large Density (dry weight) = 67-75 lbs/cu. ft. Density (dry weight) = 46-52 lbs/cu. ft. Density (dry weight) = 38-45 lbs/cu. ft. Bending strength (MOR) = very high Bending strength (MOR) = medium Bending strength (MOR) = high Numerical Data Item Green Dry English Bending Strength 14597 21597 psi Density 54 lbs/ft3 Weight 53 45 lbs/ft3 Radial Shrinkage 5 % Tangential Shrinkage 8 % Volumetric Shrinkage 11 % Item Green Dry Metric Bending Strength 1026 1518 kg/cm2 Density 865 kg/m3 Weight 849 721 kg/m3 Radial Shrinkage 5 % Tangential Shrinkage 8 % References Almeida, D.G. de, Costa, J.R. da,1956,Madeiras do Brasil. (Timbers of Brazil.,Min. Ag. Servico de Economia Rural, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil,pp56 Berni, C.A., Bolza, E., Christensen, F.J.,1979,South American Timbers - The Characteristics, Properties and Uses of 190,Species,C.S.I.R.O Div. Building Research Brown, W.H.,1978,Timbers of the World, No. 2 South America,TRADA, Red Booklet Series Edmondson, C.H.,1949,Reaction of Woods from S.America and Caribbean areas to Marine Borers in,Hawaiian Waters,Caribbean Foresters,10(1,PP37-41 Erfurth, T., Rusche, H.,1976,The Marketing of Tropical Wood B. Wood Species from S. American Tropical,Moist Forests,F.A.O. Forestry Department Fanshawe, D.B.,1954,Forest Products of British Guiana Part 1 Principal Timbers,Forest Department British Guiana Forestry Bulletin (New Series 2nd,Edition,No.1 Kribs, D.A.,1950,Commercial and Foreign Woods on the American Market (a manual to their,structure, identification, uses and distribution,U.S.A. Penn. State College, Tropical Woods Laboratory Record, S.J., Hess, R.W.,1940,American Woods of the Family Moraceae,Tropical Woods,8(61,pp11-54 Record, S.J., Hess, R.W.,1943,Timbers of the New World,Yale University Press Record, S.J., Mell, C.D.,1924,Timbers of Tropical America,Yale Univ. Press Rizzini, C.T.,1978,Arvores e Madeiras Uteis do Brasil: Manual de Dendrologia Brasileira,Editora Edgard Blucher LTDA Brazil Surinam Forest Service,1952,Surinam Timber - A Summary with brief descriptions of the main timber,species of Surinam,Surinam Forest Service Vink, A.T.,1965,Surinam Timbers,Surinam Forest Service Paramaribo,3rd rev. ed. Wolcott, G.N.,1940,A List of the Woods arranged according to their resistance to the attack,of,the 'Polilla', the Dry-wood Termite of the West Indies, Cryptotermes,brevis Walker,Caribbean Forester,1(4,PP1-10 Woods, R.P.,1949,Timbers of South America,TRADA, Red Booklet Series Wood, B., Calnan, D.,1976,Toxic Woods,British Journal of Dermat 94 Suppl. 13