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Blunting Effect
Boring
Carving
Certified Source
Comments
Common Names
Common Uses
Countries of Distribution
Cutting Resistance
Distribution Overview
Drying Defects
Ease of Drying
Environmental Profile
Family Name
Grain
Heartwood Color
Kiln Drying Rate
Kiln Schedules
Luster
Mortising
Moulding
Movement in Service
Nailing
Natural Durability
Numerical Data
Odor
Planing
Polishing
Product Sources
References
Regions of Distribution
Resistance to Abrasion
Resistance to Impregnation
Resistance to Splitting
Response to Hand Tools
Sanding
Sapwood Color
Scientific Name
Screwing
Steam Bending
Strength Properties
Synonyms
Texture
Trade Name
Tree Identification
Tree Size
Turning
Veneering Qualities
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Synonyms
Buceras bucida
Common Names
Amarillo, Black olive, Bois gli gli, Bois gli-gli, Bois gri gri, Bois gri-gri, Bois gris gris, Bois gris-gris, Brier tree, Bucaro, Bucida, Bullet tree, Bullet wood, Bullet-tree, Bully tree, Bully-tree, Bullywood, Cacho de toro, Campeche, Caracoli, Caracoli de Puerto Rico, Chaipas, Gregory wood, Gregre, Gri gri, Grignon, Gris gris, Gris-gris de montagnes, Guaraguao, Jucara comun, Jucarillo, Jucaro, Jucaro bravo, Jucaro de costa, Jucaro espinoso, Jucaro negro, Jucaro prieto, Jukaro, Laertouwarsboom, Leertouwarsboom, Marion, Negro, Olive bark-tree, Oxhorn bucida, Pocte, Prickly tree, Pucte, Pukjte, Pukte, Quintana roo, Spiny black olive, Tabasco, Ucar, Water gregre, Yucatan
Regions of Distribution
Central America, Latin America, Oceania and S.E. Asia
Countries of Distribution
[VIEW MAP]
Bahamas, Colombia, Columbia, Cuba, Dominican Republic, French Guiana, Guadelope [France], Guadeloupe, Guyana, Haiti, Jamaica, Mexico, Netherlands, Panama, Puerto Rico [US], Puerto Rico, Suriname, Venezuela
Common Uses
Boat building (general), Boat building: framing, Building construction, Building materials, Cabin construction, Cabinetmaking, Charcoal, Construction, Crossties, Factory construction, Factory flooring, Flooring, Flooring: industrial heavy traffic, Foundation posts, Handles: woodworking tools, Heavy construction, Joinery, Light construction, Lock gates, Mine timbers, Piling, Poles, Posts, Railroad ties, Stakes, Sub-flooring, Utility poles, Vehicle parts, Workbenches
Environmental Profile
| Widespread |
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| Status unknown in many of its growth areas |
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| Some long-term concern for the species |
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| Data source is World Conservation Monitoring Center |
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| Data source is Nature Conservancy |
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Distribution Overview
Upper Florida Keys, Bahamas, Cuba, Jamaica, Hispaniola, Puerto Rico and Virgin Islands, and Leeward Islands to Guadeloupe in Lesser Antilles. Also from southern Mexico to Panama and northern South America along the coasts of Colombia, Venezuela, and the Guianas. West Indies, Coastal Central and South America, from Mexico to the Guyanas. Owing to this species' ability to withstand salt-water spray, coupled with its attractive appearance, it has been widely planted for landscaping in Southern Florida, where it is mostly known as Black Olive and sold as Oxhorn Bucida. Grown in the open, Jucaro quickly branches out and leaves tend to cluster toward the branches' tips.In forest environment, the tree will reach heights in excess of 100 feet and diameters up to five feet. Mostly free of branches to 40 or 50 feet, it produces massive straight logs of excellent quality
Heartwood Color
| Brown |
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| Red |
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| Purple |
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| Black |
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| Green/grey |
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| Pink |
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| Greenish to greyish |
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| Brown |
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| Yellowish to greenish brown |
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| Yellow to golden-yellow to orange |
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| Olive cast |
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Sapwood Color
| Brown |
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| Red |
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| Green/Grey |
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| White |
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| Pink |
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| White to yellow |
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| Clearly differentiated from the heartwood |
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| Yellowish-green |
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| Usually sharply defined |
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Grain
| Figure |
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| Straight |
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| Stripe (figure) |
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| Interlocked |
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| Rippled (figure) |
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| Even |
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| Closed |
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| Wavy |
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| Straight |
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| Striped figure |
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| Rippled figure |
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| Interlocked |
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| Wavy |
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| Interlocked |
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The grain is typically interlocked, and quartersawn material often exhibit a very attractive ribbon-striped figure. The high sheen of the surface enhances appearance with light
Texture
| Medium |
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| Fine |
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| Fine to medium |
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| Medium |
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Luster
| Medium |
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| Low |
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| Pronounced |
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| Lustrous |
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| High |
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Natural Durability
| Very durable |
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| Durable |
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| Susceptible to insect attack |
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| Non-resistant to termites |
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| Moderately durable |
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| Non-resistant to marine borers |
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| Resistant to termites |
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| Durable |
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| Susceptible to marine borer attack |
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| Resistant to attack from termites (Isoptera) |
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| Very durable |
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| Susceptible to attack from powder post (Lyctid & Bostrychid) beetles |
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| Susceptible to attack by marine borers |
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| Resistant to wood staining fungal attack |
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| Resistant to dry-wood termite attack |
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| Resistant to attack from pinworms (ambrosia beetles) |
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| Moderately durable |
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| Good weathering characteristics |
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Odor
| Tarry smell when green |
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| No taste in seasoned wood |
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Kiln Schedules
| Dry at a slow speed |
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| Dry at a moderate speed |
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Drying Defects
| Distortion |
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| Checking |
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| Splitting |
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| Slight surface checking |
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| Moderate twist/warp |
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| Slight twist/warp |
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| Slight end splitting |
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| Moderate surface checking |
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| Moderate end spitting |
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Ease of Drying
| Fairly Easy |
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| Thick Stock Requires Care |
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| Slowly |
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| Reconditioning Treatement |
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| Moderately Difficult to Difficult |
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| Easy |
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| Moderate |
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| Dries slowly with moderate ease |
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Kiln Drying Rate
| Naturally dries slowly |
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| Naturally dries at a moderate speed |
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Tree Identification
| Bole/stem form is buttressed |
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Tree Size
| Tree height is 30-40 m |
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| Bole length is 10-20 m |
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| Bole length is 20-30 m |
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| Tree height is 0-10 m |
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| Tree height is 10-20 m |
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| Tree height is 20-30 m |
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| Bark width is 15-20 mm |
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| Tree height is 40-50 m |
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Forest grown trees are reported to develop straight cylindrical boles that are well suited for timber. Trees growing in the open tend to branch out too quickly and develop boles of poor form
Product Sources
Although Jucaro is available in large quantities within its growth range, it is rare in the lumber form on the world market. For general construction uses, the wood is rather too hard to be useful. It is as dense as Lignum-vitae, but it lacks the natural self-lubrication which makes Lignum-vitae such a popular wood for making marine bearings.
Certified Source
Comments
General finishing qualities are rated as good
Blunting Effect
Boring
| Fairly difficult to very difficult |
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| Easy |
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Carving
Cutting Resistance
Mortising
| Fairly Easy to Very Easy |
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| Easy to mortise |
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| Finishes well |
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Moulding
| Fairly Easy to Very Easy |
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| Easy to mould |
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Movement in Service
| Fair to Good Stability - Medium Movement |
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| Small |
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| Good stability after seasoning |
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Nailing
| Pre-Boring Recommended |
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| Possible if prebored |
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| Nails hold poorly |
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| Difficult to nail |
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Planing
| Fair to Good Results |
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| Fairly Easy to Very Easy |
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| Difficult to plane |
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| Planes to a poor finish |
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| Torn grain is common |
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Resistance to Abrasion
| Highly resistant to wear |
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| Good for flooring |
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Resistance to Impregnation
| Resistant heartwood |
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| Resistant sapwood |
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| Heartwood is resistant |
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| Wood is resistant |
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| Heartwood is extremely resistant |
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Resistance to Splitting
Response to Hand Tools
| Easy to Work |
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| Difficult to machine |
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| Poor response |
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Sanding
Screwing
| Pre-boring recommended |
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| Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult |
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| Difficult to screw |
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Turning
| Easy to turn |
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| Good results |
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| Requires very sharp cutting edges |
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| Poor results |
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| Difficult to turn |
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Veneering Qualities
| Difficult to veneer |
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| No drying degrade |
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| Suitable for peeling |
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Steam Bending
| Fair to Good Results |
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| Fairly Easy to Very Easy |
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| Poor |
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Polishing
| Satisfactory results |
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| Good results |
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| Takes a very high polish |
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Strength Properties
| Shrinkage, Tangential = moderate |
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| Shrinkage, Radial = moderate |
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| Density (dry weight) = 67-75 lbs/cu. ft. |
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| Density (dry weight) = 61-67 lbs/cu.ft. |
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| Shrinkage, Tangential = very small |
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| Shrinkage, Tangential = fairly large |
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| Shrinkage, Radial = very small |
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| Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = high |
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| Hardness (side grain) = very hard |
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| Density (dry weight) = 38-45 lbs/cu. ft. |
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| Density (dry weight) = 31-37 lbs/cu. ft. |
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| Bending strength (MOR) = medium |
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| Shrinkage, Tangential = large |
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| Shrinkage, Radial = large |
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| Shrinkage, Radial = fairly large |
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| Resists denting and marring |
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| Heavy |
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| Hardness = very high |
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| Bending strength (MOR) = very high |
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Numerical Data
| Item | Green | Dry | English |
| | | |
| Bending Strength | 12451 | 14566 | psi |
| Density | | 57 | lbs/ft3 |
| Hardness | | 2940 | lbs |
| Stiffness | 2108 | 2494 | 1000 psi |
| Specific Gravity | 0.85 | | |
| Weight | 56 | 44 | lbs/ft3 |
| Radial Shrinkage | 4 | | % |
| Tangential Shrinkage | 7 | | % |
| Volumetric Shrinkage | 12 | | % |
| | | |
| Item | Green | Dry | Metric |
| | | |
| Bending Strength | 875 | 1024 | kg/cm2 |
| Density | | 913 | kg/m3 |
| Hardness | | 1333 | kg |
| Stiffness | 148 | 175 | 1000 kg/cm2 |
| Specific Gravity | 0.85 | | |
| Weight | 897 | 705 | kg/m3 |
| Radial Shrinkage | 4 | | % |
| Tangential Shrinkage | 7 | | % |
References
Arno, J. 1991. Bucida buceras - Jucaro. In A Guide to Useful Woods of the World, Flynn Jr., J.H., Editor. King Philip Publishing Co., Portland, Maine. 1994. Page 69-70.
Belize,1946,42 Secondary Hardwood Timbers of British Honduras,British Honduras Forest Department Bulletin,No.1
Berni, C.A., Bolza, E., Christensen, F.J.,1979,South American Timbers - The Characteristics, Properties and Uses of 190,Species,C.S.I.R.O Div. Building Research
Chudnoff, M.,1984,Tropical Timbers of the World,U.S.A. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products,Laboratory, Madison.
Echenique-Manrique, R., Diaz Gomez, V.,1969,Algunas Caracteristicas Technologicas de la Madera de once Especies,Mexicanas. (Some technological characteristics of the wood of eleven,Mexican species.,Inst. Nac. Inv. For. Mexico Boletin Tecnico,27
Edmondson, C.H.,1949,Reaction of Woods from S.America and Caribbean areas to Marine Borers in,Hawaiian Waters,Caribbean Foresters,10(1,PP37-41
Flores Rodriguez, L.J.,1969,Description Caracteristicas y usos de 25 Maderas tropicales,Mexicanas,Camera Nacional de la Industria de la Construccion Serie Maderas de Mexico
Fors, A.J.,1965,Maderas Cubanas,Inst. Nac. Ref. Agraria La Habara
France - C.T.F.T.,1962,Banga-Wanga,C.T.F.T.,Information Technique,No.167
Kribs, D.A.,1950,Commercial and Foreign Woods on the American Market (a manual to their,structure, identification, uses and distribution,U.S.A. Penn. State College, Tropical Woods Laboratory
Little, E.L., Wadsworth, F.H.,1964,Common Trees of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands,U.S.A. Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Handbook,No.249
Longwood, F.R.,1961,Puerto Rican Woods - Their Machining Seasoning and Related Characteristics,U.S.A. Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Handbook,No.205
Pennington, T.D., Sarukhan, J.,1968,Manual para la Identificacion de campo de los Principales Arboles,Tropicales de Mexico,Inst. Nac. Inv. For. Mexico
Perpetua Hardwoods. Sea Star Trading Co. - Purveyors of Fine Wood. Newport, Oregon. Personal Communication, 1993.
Record, S.J., Hess, R.W.,1943,Timbers of the New World,Yale University Press
Schulz, H., Grotthuss, O.K.N. von,1969,Investigacion de Algunas Especies Arboreas de los Bossques Tropicales de,Mexico (tercera parte,Mexico y sus Bosques,3(25,pp4-22
Smith, E.E.,1954,The Forests of Cuba,Maria Moors Cabot Foundation,U.S.A. Publication, No. 2
Swabey, C.,1941,The Principal Timbers of Jamaica,Department of Science and Agriculture Jamaica Bulletin No.29
Takahashi, A.,1975,Compilation of data on the Mechanical Properties of Foreign Woods (Part 2,Central and South America,Shimane University, Japan, Research Report on Foreign Wood No.4
WCMC. 1992. Conservation Status Listing - Trees and Timbers of the World. World Conservation Monitoring Center-Plants Programme, Cambridge, CB3 ODL, United Kingdom.
Wolcott, G.N.,1940,A List of the Woods arranged according to their resistance to the attack,of,the 'Polilla', the Dry-wood Termite of the West Indies, Cryptotermes,brevis Walker,Caribbean Forester,1(4,PP1-10
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