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Clicking any heading in the main data area (at right) will scroll the page back to this top position. Use the following links to jump to the associated section in the main data. Blunting Effect Boring Carving Comments Common Names Common Uses Countries of Distribution Cutting Resistance Distribution Overview Drying Defects Ease of Drying Environmental Profile Family Name Gluing Grain Heartwood Color Kiln Drying Rate Kiln Schedules Luster Mortising Moulding Movement in Service Nailing Natural Durability Numerical Data Odor Painting Planing Polishing Product Sources References Regions of Distribution Resistance to Impregnation Resistance to Splitting Response to Hand Tools Routing & Recessing Sanding Sapwood Color Scientific Name Screwing Staining Steam Bending Strength Properties Texture Toxicity Trade Name Tree Identification Turning Varnishing Veneering Qualities Scientific Name Calophyllum brasiliense Trade Name Santa maria Family Name Guttiferae Common Names Aceite, Aceite cachicamo, Aceite maria, Alfaro, Alfaro bella maria, Balsamaria, Bari, Baria, Barillo, Bella maria, Bintangor, Birma, Birmah, Brazil beauty leaf, Cachicamo, Calaba, Calabra, Calambuca, Came-marie, Cashicamo, Cedro cimarron, Cedro de patano, Ceite mario, Chijole, Chijole mahogany, Cojon, Crabwood, Dalemarie, Damage, Degame, Edaballi, False-mamey, Galba, Galba odorant, Guanandi, Guanandy, Guaya, Inglez, Jacare-uba, Jacareuba, Koelarie, Koerahara, Koerali, Koerli, Krassa, Kurahara, Lagarto-caspi, Landi, Landim, Laurac, Leche amarilla, Leche de mari, Leche de maria, Leche maria, Lorahara, Mani kwaha, Mara, Maria, Mario, Ocuje, Ocuje colarado, Palo de maria, Palo maria, Sakbaramte, Santa maria, Tzeltal, Vario, Wild calabash, Wild calebash, Wild-mamee, Yandiira Regions of Distribution Central America, Latin America, North America, Oceania and S.E. Asia Countries of Distribution  [VIEW MAP] Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Columbia, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Jamaica, Mexico, Panama, Peru, Puerto Rico [US], Puerto Rico, United States, Venezuela Common Uses Agricultural implements, Beams, Bedroom suites, Boat building (general), Boat building, Boat building: framing, Bridge construction, Building construction, Cabin construction, Cabinetmaking, Canoes, Chemical derivatives, Concrete formwork, Construction, Cooperages, Decks, Decorative plywood, Decorative veneer, Domestic flooring, Door, Drawer sides, Excelsior, Exterior trim & siding, Exterior uses, Factory construction, Figured veneer, Flooring, Form work, Foundation posts, Framing, Furniture , Furniture, Handles: general, Handles: woodworking tools, Heavy construction, Joinery, Joists, Kitchen cabinets, Lifeboats, Light construction, Living-room suites, Marine construction, Mine timbers, Office furniture, Parquet flooring, Particleboard, Plywood, Plywood: veneer (marine), Poles, Porch columns, Radio - stereo - TV cabinets, Railroad ties, Rough construction, Shakes, Sheathing, Shingles, Shipbuilding, Structural work, Tool handles, Turnery, Vats, Vehicle parts, Veneer, Veneer: decorative, Wheel spokes, Wheels Environmental Profile Questionable Extinct Endangered Status unknown due to inadequate information Data source is World Conservation Monitoring Center Natural growth range includes the Carribean Islands, Puerto Rico, Honduras, Mexico, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru Distribution Overview Grows throughout the West Indies and from Mexico southward through Central America and into northern South America. It is found on all types of soils-from wet, humid to very dry sites. Heartwood Color Brown Red Reddish brown Pale red to pink Red Yellow to golden-yellow to orange Pale brown Brown Fine dark veins are present Sapwood Color Green/Grey Pink Paler than heartwood Pinkish Clearly differentiated from the heartwood Color not distinct from heartwood The sapwood merges seamlessly into the heartwood and is generally difficult to differentiate. Grain Interlocked Figure Stripe (figure) Other (figure) Straight Weak (figure) Even Variable (figure) Interlocked Striped figure Straight Other figure Weak figure Variable figure Texture Medium Medium coarse to coarse Coarse Homogenous Luster Lustrous Slightly lustrous Medium Natural Durability Moderately durable Durable Susceptible to marine borer attack Moderately durable Very durable Susceptible to attack from termites (Isoptera) Moderately resistant to termite (Isoptera) attack Resistant to attack from powder post (Lyctid & Bostrychid) beetles Susceptible to attack by marine borers and termites Resistant to attack from termites (Isoptera) Non durable Heartwood resistant to decay causing organisms and termites Odor No specific smell or taste Toxicity Dermatitic effects Unspecified toxicity Kiln Schedules Dry at a slow speed T2 - D4 (4/4); T2 - D3 (8/4) US Schedule A; United Kingdom Kiln Drying Rate (in days) is rather slow Drying (speed) is fast Drying Defects Slight surface checking Moderate twist/warp Severe twisting/warping Slight twist/warp Slight end splitting Moderate end spitting Slight spring/bow Slight cupping Severe spring/bow Severe end splitting No surface checking No cupping, generally Moderate spring/bow Moderate cupping Expect severe degrade due to knots, splits, and loosening Case hardening may occur Ease of Drying Moderately Difficult to Difficult Difficult Moderate Variable results. Special attention required Easy Dries slowly Carefully controlled conditions may be required while air-drying. Quartersawn wood dries somewhat easier. Kiln Drying Rate Very slow (>28 days for boards < 32 mm, to >84 days for boards >= 63 mm) Tree Identification Bole/stem form is not buttressed Bole/stem form is straight Bole/stem form is cylindrical Product Sources Timber from Central America is called by the trade name Santa Maria. The commercial name Jacareuba is reserved for Calophyllum timber from Brazil. The ITTO reports that an important source of timber. Exportation is low but regular. The wood is imported from Brazil into the United States, Belgium, Venezuela, and France. Comments Care required during nailing and screwing General finishing qualities are rated as good May split during nailing May split Blunting Effect Blunting effect on machining is variable Blunting effect on machining is severe Blunting effect on sawing dry wood is moderate Blunting effect on machining is moderate Blunting effect on machining is slight Blunting effect on machining is fairly severe Blunting effect on cutting tools is moderate Blunting effect can be severe on cutting tool edges if brown gum streaks are present Boring Moderately easy Difficult Below average boring properties. Ample support required during boring operations Carving Easy to carve Cutting Resistance Easy to saw Moderate to saw Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult to saw Cutting Resistance with dry wood is easy Cutting Resistance with dry wood is difficult Material with interlocked grain can be difficult. Low resistance Cutting Resistance with dry wood is moderate Brown gum streaks and interlocked grain can cause problems Gluing Very Good to Excellent Results Fairly Easy to Very Easy Fair to Good Results Easy to glue Very good properties Mortising Easy to mortise Interlocked grain effects mortising Finishes well Interlocked grain can effect mortising (can generate torn and chipped grain), but straight-grained material is worked easily in most operations Moulding Good finishing results Easy to mould Movement in Service Medium Moderate dimensional stability can be attained after seasoning Nailing Fair to Good Results Very Good to Excellent Results Fairly Easy to Very Easy Holds nails well Difficult to nail Tends to split during nailing Pre-boring recommended Easy to nail Planing Fair to Good Results Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult Moderately easy to plane Difficult to plane Poor planing characteristics To prevent grain from tearing a reduced cutting angle of 15 to 20 degrees is suggested Resistance to Impregnation Resistant sapwood Resistant heartwood Heartwood is extremely resistant Sapwood is permeable Sapwood is permeable To increase penetration incising is encouraged. Resistance to Splitting Poor Good Response to Hand Tools Moderate working qualities Easy to machine Variable qualities Routing & Recessing Routing yields good results Routing is easy Sanding Easy to sand Good sanding finish Fairly difficult to sand Screwing Very Good to Excellent Results Fair to Good Results Easy to screw Possible if prebored To avoid splitting, pre-bore Turning Good results Turns with moderate ease Turning qualities are poor Easy to turn Difficult to turn Below average Veneering Qualities Diifficult to veneer There is slight to moderate drying degrade and the potential for buckles and splits Suitable for slicing Suitable for peeling Responds very poorly to rotary cutting Steam Bending Moderate Painting Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult Satisfactory results Little or no surface prep required Polishing Satisfactory results Staining Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult Finish is generally satisfactory Satisfactory staining characteristics Varnishing Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult Good results Strength Properties Bending strength (MOR) = medium Hardness (side grain) = soft Max. crushing strength = high Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = medium Shrinkage, Tangential = fairly large <