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Blunting Effect
Common Names
Common Uses
Countries of Distribution
Cutting Resistance
Drying Defects
Ease of Drying
Family Name
Grain
Heartwood Color
Kiln Drying Rate
Luster
Nailing
Natural Durability
Numerical Data
Planing
Plantation species?
Polishing
References
Regions of Distribution
Resistance to Impregnation
Response to Hand Tools
Sapwood Color
Scientific Name
Screwing
Strength Properties
Synonyms
Texture
Toxicity
Trade Name
Tree Size
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Synonyms
Senna sumatrana, Cassia florida
Common Names
Aramana, Beati, Bois perdrix, Bombay blackwood, Bujuk, Casia siamea, Cassia, Cassia siamea, Djohar, Jahar, Kassod, Kilet, Manja konnei, Manja-konna, Manji konne, Melali, Mezali, Muong, Muongten, Pink cassia, Tagayasan, Thagara, Vakai, Wa
Plantation species?
Yes
Regions of Distribution
Africa, Latin America, Oceania and S.E. Asia
Countries of Distribution
[VIEW MAP]
Australia, Burma, Chile, Cuba, Fiji [Polynesia], India, Japan, Malaysia, Nigeria, Sri Lanka, Uganda
Common Uses
Boat building (general), Cabinetmaking, Carvings, Charcoal, Fuelwood, Furniture, Heavy construction, Joinery, Light construction, Musical instruments, Particleboard, Poles, Pulp/Paper products, Sporting Goods, Tool handles, Turnery, Veneer: decorative, Walking sticks
Heartwood Color
| Purple |
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| Black |
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| Green/grey |
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| Red |
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| Brown |
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| Dark brown |
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| Black |
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| Reddish brown |
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Sapwood Color
| White |
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| Pink |
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| Yellow |
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| White to yellow |
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| Clearly differentiated from the heartwood |
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Grain
| Figure |
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| Closed |
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| Interlocked |
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| Other (figure) |
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| Growth rings (figure) |
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| Distinct (figure) |
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| Wavy |
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| Rippled (figure) |
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| Other figure |
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| Interlocked |
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| Wavy |
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| Rippled figure |
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| Distinct figure |
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| Clear growth rings (figure) |
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Texture
| Coarse |
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| Coarse |
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| Medium to coarse |
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| Fine to medium |
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Luster
Natural Durability
| Durable |
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| Susceptible to insect attack |
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| Non-resistant to powder post beetles |
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| Non-resistant to termites |
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| Durable |
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| Very durable |
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| Resistant to attack from termites (Isoptera) |
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| Non durable |
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| Susceptible to attack from powder post (Lyctid & Bostrychid) beetles |
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| Perishable |
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Toxicity
| Unspecified toxicity |
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| Dermatitic effects |
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| Respiratory effects |
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Drying Defects
Ease of Drying
Kiln Drying Rate
Tree Size
| Tree height is 30-40 m |
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| Trunk diameter is 200-250 cm |
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Blunting Effect
Cutting Resistance
| Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult to saw |
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Nailing
| Pre-boring recommended |
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| Holds nails well |
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Planing
| Poor to Very Poor Results |
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| Ease of planing is moderate |
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Resistance to Impregnation
| Resistant heartwood |
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| Resistant sapwood |
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| Permeable |
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Response to Hand Tools
| Fairly Difficult to Difficult to Work |
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| Easy to machine |
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| Moderate working qualities |
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Screwing
| Screwing yields good results |
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Polishing
| Very Good to Excellent Results |
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| Fair to Good Results |
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| Good results |
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| Satisfactory results |
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Strength Properties
| Bending strength (MOR) = low |
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| Density (dry weight) = 46-52 lbs/cu. ft. |
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| Density (dry weight) = 38-45 lbs/cu. ft. |
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| Bending strength (MOR) = medium |
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| Bending strength (MOR) = high |
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Density (dry weight) = 53 - 60 lbs
Numerical Data
| Item | Green | Dry | English |
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| Bending Strength | 8049 | 12564 | psi |
| Density | | 49 | lbs/ft3 |
| Hardness | | 1493 | lbs |
| Impact Strength | | 35 | inches |
| Maximum Crushing Strength | 7040 | 10148 | psi |
| Shearing Strength | | 1989 | psi |
| Stiffness | 1299 | 1505 | 1000 psi |
| Weight | 48 | 39 | lbs/ft3 |
| Radial Shrinkage | 4 | | % |
| Tangential Shrinkage | 7 | | % |
| Volumetric Shrinkage | 12 | | % |
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| Item | Green | Dry | Metric |
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| Bending Strength | 565 | 883 | kg/cm2 |
| Density | | 785 | kg/m3 |
| Hardness | | 677 | kg |
| Impact Strength | | 88 | cm |
| Maximum Crushing Strength | 494 | 713 | kg/cm2 |
| Shearing Strength | | 139 | kg/cm2 |
| Stiffness | 91 | 105 | 1000 kg/cm2 |
| Weight | 769 | 624 | kg/m3 |
| Radial Shrinkage | 4 | | % |
| Tangential Shrinkage | 7 | | % |
References
Bolza, E.,1976,Timber and Health,Div. Building Res. C.S.I.R.O. Australia
Bourdillon, T.F.,1908,The Forest Trees of Travancore,Travancore Government Press
Burgess, P.F.,1966,Timbers of Sabah,Sabah Forest Record, no.6
Desch, H.E.,1954,Manual of Malayan Timbers (2 vols,Malayan Forest Records,no.15
E.H. Walker,1954,Important Trees of the Ryukyu Islands,United States Civil Administration of the Ryukyu Islands Special Bulletin,No. 3
France - Comite Nacional des Bois Coloniaux,1931,Etude Physique et Mecanique des Bois Coloniaux,Assoc. Colonies-Sciences & Comite National des Bios Coloniaux, Paris,,France
Keating, W.G., Bolza, E.,1982,Characteristics properties and uses of timbers. South East Asia, Northern,Australia and the Pacific,C.S.I.R.O. Div. Chemical Technology,Inkata Press,1
McCann, C.,1947,Trees of India: A Popular Handbook,D.B.Taraporevala Sons & Co. Bombay
Negi, G.S., Bhatia, D.N.,1958,Physical and Mechanical Properties of Woods tested at F.R.I. Report No.10,Indian Forest Records (N.S.) Timber Mechanics,1(11,pp171-18
Ramesh, Rao K., Purkayastha, S.K.,1972,Indian Woods - Their Identification Properties and Uses,Dehra Dun India,Vol. 3
Sallenave, P.,1955,Proprietes Phyiques et Mecaniques des Bois Tropicaux de l'Union Francaise,C.T.F.T
Stadelman, R.C.,1966,Forests of South-East Asia,Wimmer Bros., Memphis Tennessee
Streets, R.J.,1962,Exotic Forest Trees in the British Commonwealth,Clarendon Press Oxford
Swabey, C.,1941,The Principal Timbers of Jamaica,Department of Science and Agriculture Jamaica Bulletin No.29
Wood, B., Calnan, D.,1976,Toxic Woods,British Journal of Dermat 94 Suppl. 13
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