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Blunting Effect
Boring
Carving
Comments
Common Names
Common Uses
Countries of Distribution
Cutting Resistance
Distribution Overview
Drying Defects
Ease of Drying
Environmental Profile
Family Name
Gluing
Grain
Heartwood Color
Kiln Drying Rate
Kiln Schedules
Luster
Mortising
Moulding
Nailing
Natural Durability
Natural Growth Defects
Numerical Data
Odor
Painting
Planing
Polishing
Product Sources
References
Regions of Distribution
Resin Content
Resistance to Impregnation
Response to Hand Tools
Routing & Recessing
Sanding
Sapwood Color
Scientific Name
Screwing
Staining
Strength Properties
Texture
Trade Name
Tree Identification
Tree Size
Turning
Varnishing
Veneering Qualities
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Common Names
Adiangu, Almaciga, Almaciga daminara, Aninga, Aningat, Anteng, Badiangau, Bagtik, Bahos, Bendang, Bindang, Borneo kauri, Dadiangau, Dakua makadre, Damar, Damar minyak, Damur laut, Indian agathis, Kauri, Kauri pine, Ladiangau, Makan, Menghilan, Saleng, Sanum, Sarawak kauri, Titan, Tolong, Tsanum, Uli
Regions of Distribution
Oceania and S.E. Asia
Countries of Distribution
[VIEW MAP]
Cambodia, China, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam
Common Uses
Balusters, Beehives, Boat building (general), Boat building, Boat building: masts, Boxes and crates, Building construction, Building materials, Cabinetmaking, Canoes, Carvings, Construction, Decorative plywood, Decorative veneer, Domestic flooring, Drawing boards, Excelsior, Figured veneer, Flooring, Furniture, Interior construction, Joinery, Lifeboats, Light construction, Matches, Mathematical instruments, Moldings, Paneling, Parquet flooring, Pencil, Piling, Plywood, Poles, Posts, Pulp/Paper products, Shipbuilding, Sporting Goods, Stairworks, Stringers, Sub-flooring, Toys, Truck bodies, Turnery, Vats, Vehicle parts, Veneer
Environmental Profile
| Status has not been officially assessed |
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Distribution Overview
Most common in the mountain forests of Malaysia, at elevations of 1000 to 5000 feet (305 to 1525 m), it can also be found in Indochina and at high elevations on almost all the Philippine islands.
Heartwood Color
| Brown |
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| Red |
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| Yellow |
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| White |
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| Pink |
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| Orange |
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| Pale red to pink |
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| Pale brown |
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| Yellow to golden-yellow to orange |
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| White to cream |
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| Yellowish brown |
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| Pale cream |
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| Mostly indistinct in color from sapwood |
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| Golden brown with a reddish cast |
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| Dark brown |
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| Brown |
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Sapwood Color
| White |
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| Yellow |
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| Brown |
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| Red |
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| Color not distinct from heartwood |
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| White to yellow |
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Grain
| Straight |
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| Crossed |
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| Even |
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| Spiral |
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| Figure |
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| Growth rings (figure) |
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| Straight |
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| Spiral |
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| Clear growth rings (figure) |
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Texture
| Fine |
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| Even or uniform |
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| Fine |
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| Uniform |
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Luster
Natural Growth Defects
Natural Durability
| Susceptible to insect attack |
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| Non-durable |
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| Resistant to powder post beetles |
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| Non-resistant to termites |
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| Non-resistant to marine borers |
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| Perishable |
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| Moderately durable |
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| Non-resistant to termites |
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| Non durable |
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| Susceptible to attack from termites (Isoptera) |
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| Resistant to attack from powder post (Lyctid & Bostrychid) beetles |
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| Pinworms (ambrosia beetles) are commonly present |
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| Very little natural resistance |
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| Susceptible to marine borer attack |
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| Susceptible to attack by marine borers and termites |
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| Moderately durable |
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Odor
| No specific smell or taste |
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Resin Content
| Exudes copius amounts of resin when bark is cut |
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Kiln Schedules
| Kiln Drying Rate (in days) is rather slow |
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Drying Defects
| Splitting |
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| Slight end splitting |
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| Little or no degrade |
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Ease of Drying
| Fairly Easy |
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| Rapidly |
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| Reconditioning Treatement |
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| Little degrade |
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| Easy |
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| Little or no degrade |
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| Dries at a fairly rapid rate |
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Kiln Drying Rate
| Very slow |
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| Drying rate is slow |
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| Very slow (>28 days for boards < 32 mm, to >84 days for boards >= 63 mm) |
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Tree Identification
| Bole/stem form is straight |
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| Bole/stem form is cylindrical |
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| Bole/stem form is not buttressed |
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Tree Size
| Trunk diameter is 150-200 cm |
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| Bole length is 20-30 m |
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| Tree height is 60-70 m |
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| Tree height is 50-60 m |
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| Tree height is 40-50 m |
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| Bole length is 30-40 m |
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| Trunk diameter is 100-150 cm |
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| Trunk diameter is 200-250 cm |
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| Bole length is 10-20 m |
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| Trunk diameter is 300-350 cm |
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Trees growing in the Philippines are reported to produce trunks with a diameter of about 6.5 feet (2 m).
Product Sources
Several Afzelia species are routinely marketed together under the trade name Chanfuta, or under one of the other common names of this species. The material is available in wide boards, but lengths tend to be short.
Comments
General finishing qualities are rated as good
General finishing qualities are rated as satisfactory
Blunting Effect
Boring
| Fairly easy to very easy |
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| Fair to good results |
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| Satisfactory results |
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| Moderately easy |
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| Easy |
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Carving
| Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult |
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| Fairly difficult to carve |
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Cutting Resistance
| Easy to saw |
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| Cutting Resistance with green wood is easy |
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| Cutting Resistance with dry wood is easy |
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| Easy to saw |
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Gluing
| Fairly Easy to Very Easy |
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| Easy to glue |
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Mortising
| Fair to Good Results |
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| Good mortising properties |
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Moulding
| Fairly Easy to Very Easy |
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| Easy to mould |
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Nailing
| Fair to Good Results |
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| Fairly Easy to Very Easy |
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| Very Good to Excellent Results |
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| Holds nails well |
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| Easy to nail |
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| Satisfactory nailing properties |
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Planing
| Fairly Easy to Very Easy |
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| Fair to Good Results |
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| Very Good to Excellent Results |
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| Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult |
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| Planes well, to a good finish |
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| Easy to plane |
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| Moderately easy to plane |
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Resistance to Impregnation
| Resistant heartwood |
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| Permeable sapwood |
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| Resistant sapwood |
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| Heartwood is resistant |
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| Sapwood is permeable |
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| Heartwood is moderately resistant |
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Response to Hand Tools
| Easy to Work |
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| Responds Readily |
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| Easy to machine |
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Routing & Recessing
| Very Good to Excellent Results |
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| Fair to Good Results |
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| Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult |
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| Fairly Easy to Very Easy |
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| Very good in both routing and recessing |
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| Satisfactory routing results |
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| Moderately easy |
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Sanding
| Fairly Easy to Very Easy |
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| Easy to sand |
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Screwing
| Fairly Easy to Very Easy |
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| Fair to Good Results |
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| Very Good to Excellent Results |
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| Screwing yields good results |
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| Good screwing properties |
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| Good screw holding properties |
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| Easy to screw |
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Turning
| Fairly Easy to Very Easy |
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| Fair to Good Results |
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| Very Good to Excellent Results |
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| Easy to turn |
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| Good results |
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Veneering Qualities
| Suitable for peeling |
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| Veneers easily |
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| Suitable for slicing |
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| Veneers moderately easy |
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| No drying degrade |
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| Easy to cut |
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| Variable veneering qualities |
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| Suitable for slicing |
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| Suitable for peeling |
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| No steaming needed during bolt preparation. |
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| No drying degrade. Dries flat without splitting |
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| Good gluing qualities |
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Painting
| Fair to Good Results |
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| Very Good to Excellent Results |
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| Fairly Easy to Very Easy |
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| Good results |
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| Little or no surface prep required |
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Polishing
| Fair to Good Results |
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| Very Good to Excellent Results |
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| Good results |
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Staining
| Fair to Good Results |
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| Very Good to Excellent Results |
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| Fairly Easy to Very Easy |
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| Good staining properties |
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| Finish is generally good |
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Varnishing
| Very Good to Excellent Results |
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| Fair to Good Results |
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| Fairly Easy to Very Easy |
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| Good results |
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Strength Properties
| Bending strength (MOR) = low |
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| Density (dry weight) = 31-37 lbs/cu. ft. |
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| Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = very low |
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| Max. crushing strength = medium |
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| Max. crushing strength = low |
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| Shrinkage, Tangential = small |
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| Shrinkage, Radial = very small |
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| Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = very low |
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| Density (dry weight) = 23-30 lbs/cu. ft. |
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| Work to Maximum Load = very low |
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| Shrinkage, Tangential = very small |
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| Shrinkage, Radial = small |
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| Hardness (side grain) = very soft |
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| Surfaces may dent or scratch easily |
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| Shrinkage, Tangential = moderate |
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| Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = low |
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| Density = high |
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| Compression strength (parallel to grain) = medium |
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| Bending strength (MOR) = high |
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Numerical Data
| Item | Green | Dry | English |
| | | |
| Bending Strength | 6773 | 11296 | psi |
| Density | | 32 | lbs/ft3 |
| Hardness | | 470 | lbs |
| Impact Strength | 16 | | inches |
| Maximum Crushing Strength | 3054 | 5716 | psi |
| Shearing Strength | | 1416 | psi |
| Static Bending | 5860 | 9526 | psi |
| Stiffness | 1074 | 1286 | 1000 psi |
| Toughness | | 71 | inch-lbs |
| Work to Maximum Load | 5 | 7 | inch-lbs/in3 |
| Specific Gravity | 0.37 | | |
| Weight | 35 | 29 | lbs/ft3 |
| Radial Shrinkage | 3 | | % |
| Tangential Shrinkage | 5 | | % |
| | | |
| Item | Green | Dry | Metric |
| | | |
| Bending Strength | 476 | 794 | kg/cm2 |
| Density | | 512 | kg/m3 |
| Hardness | | 213 | kg |
| Impact Strength | 40 | | cm |
| Maximum Crushing Strength | 214 | 401 | kg/cm2 |
| Shearing Strength | | 99 | kg/cm2 |
| Static Bending | 412 | 669 | kg/cm2 |
| Stiffness | 75 | 90 | 1000 kg/cm2 |
| Toughness | | 81 | cm-kg |
| Work to Maximum Load | 0.35 | 0.49 | cm-kg/cm3 |
| Specific Gravity | 0.37 | | |
| Weight | 560 | 464 | kg/m3 |
| Radial Shrinkage | 3 | | % |
References
Australia - N.S.W. Forestry Commission,1968,Working Properties of some Native and Imported Timbers,Forestry Commission of New South Wales, Technical Publication No.8
Bolza, E. and N. H. Kloot. 1966. The Mechanical Properties of 81 New Guinea Timbers. Technological Paper No. 41. Division of Forest Products, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Melbourne, Australia.
Bolza, E., Kloot, N.H.,1976,The Mechanical Properties of 81 New Guinea Timbers,C.S.I.R.O. Div. Building Res. Tec.Paper (2nd series) 11
Bolza, E.,1975,Properties and Uses of 175 Timber Species from Papua New Guinea and West,Irian,C.S.I.R.O. Div. Building Research Report,no.34
Brown, W.H.,1978,Timbers of the World, No. 4 South East Asia,TRADA, Red Booklet Series
Budgen, B.,1981,Shrinkage and density of some Australian and South-East Asian Timbers,C.S.I.R.O. Div. building Res. Tech Paper(2nd Series) No.38
Chudnoff, M.,1984,Tropical Timbers of the World,U.S.A. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products,Laboratory, Madison.
Dallimore, W. and Jackson, A. Bruce,1966,A Handbook of Coniferae and Ginkgoaceae Fourth Ed. Revised by S.G.,Harrison,Edward Arnold (Publishers) Ltd. London
Desch, H. E. 1954. Manual of Malayan Timbers - Volume II. Malayan Forest Records, No. 15. Malaya Publishing House Ltd., Singapore.
Desch, H. E. 1957. Manual of Malayan Timbers. Malayan Forest Records, 28(30):315-318.
Eddowes, P.J.,1977,Commercial Timbers of Papua New Guinea: Their Properties and Uses,Hebano Press, Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea
Forest Products Research Laboratory U.K.,1957,A Handbook of Softwoods,Department of Scientific and Industrial Research Forest Products Research,HMSO
Howard, A.L.,1948,A Manual of Timbers of the World.,Macmillan & Co. Ltd. London 3rd ed.
Keating, W.G., Bolza, E.,1982,Characteristics properties and uses of timbers. South East Asia, Northern,Australia and the Pacific,C.S.I.R.O. Div. Chemical Technology,Inkata Press,1
Lee, Y.H., Lopez, D.T.,1968,The Machining Properties of some Malayan Timbers,Malayan Forester,3,pp194-210
Martawijaya, A., Kadir, K., Kartasujana, I.,1986,Indonesian Wood Atlas. Vol.1.,Department of Forestry Agency for Forestry Research and Development.,Bogar-Indonesia
Reyes, L.J.,1938,Philippine Woods,Commonwealth of the Philippines Department of Agriculture and Commerce,Technical Bulletin,No.7
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