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Clicking any heading in the main data area (at right) will scroll the page back to this top position. Use the following links to jump to the associated section in the main data. Blunting Effect Boring Carving Comments Common Names Common Uses Countries of Distribution Cutting Resistance Distribution Overview Drying Defects Ease of Drying Environmental Profile Gluing Grain Heartwood Color Luster Mortising Moulding Movement in Service Nailing Natural Durability Numerical Data Odor Planing Polishing Product Sources References Regions of Distribution Resistance to Impregnation Response to Hand Tools Routing & Recessing Sanding Sapwood Color Scientific Name Screwing Staining Steam Bending Texture Trade Name Tree Size Turning Scientific Name Dracontomelum dao Trade Name Paldao Family Name Common Names Dao, Paldao Regions of Distribution Oceania and S.E. Asia Countries of Distribution  [VIEW MAP] China, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Vietnam Common Uses Beams, Bedroom suites, Bent Parts, Building construction, Building materials, Cabin construction, Cabinetmaking, Chairs, Chests, Concrete formwork, Construction, Decks, Desks, Dining-room furniture, Domestic flooring, Drawer sides, Drum sticks, Excelsior, Exterior trim & siding, Exterior uses, Factory construction, Factory flooring, Fine furniture, Flooring, Form work, Foundation posts, Framing, Furniture components, Furniture squares or stock, Hatracks, Heavy construction, Interior construction, Interior trim, Joinery, Joists, Kitchen cabinets, Light construction, Living-room suites, Moldings, Musical instruments , Office furniture Environmental Profile Status unknown due to inadequate information Generally secure within most of its natural habitat, but note exceptions. Extinct, Endangered, Vulnerable, or Rare within parts of its range Data source is World Conservation Monitoring Center Its status in China, Myanmar or Burma, India, Kampuchea, Thailand, Indonesia, Sabah, Sarawak, Solomon Islands, and the Andaman Islands is listed as unknown due to insufficient information. Vulnerable, possibly endangered in the Phillipines Distribution Overview Widely distributed on most islands and provinces in the Philippines, from northern Luzon to Mindanao and Palawan. Occurs throughout the lowlands and near rivers in Malaysia. Heartwood Color Red Brown Yellow Green/grey Tan Occasional dark streaks Grey brown Greenish to greyish The heartwood is gray-brown in color with a faint greenish tinge and irregular dark brown or black streaks. The wood is described as attractive Sapwood Color Red Brown Yellow Wide Pinkish Pale yellow Grey Clearly differentiated from the heartwood Width is about 1.5 to 8 inches (3 to 20 cm) Grain Even Closed Interlocked Figure Straight Stripe (figure) Striped figure Straight to interlocked or wavy Quartersawn surfaces produce a broken striped figure Texture Coarse Medium Luster Medium Lustrous Natural Durability Perishable Non-durable Susceptible to insect attack Heartwood resistant to decay Heartwood has moderate resistance to decay, and is resistant to termites in the Philippines Odor No specific smell or taste Drying Defects Distortion Checking Thinner stock may warp Rapid drying may cause checking Ease of Drying Slowly Moderately Difficult to Difficult Special care required to prevent defects Dries well under good controlled conditions Tree Size Bole length is 0-10 m It is reported to develop buttresses that may be up to about 27 feet (8 m) high Product Sources The tree is rarely harvested for timber because most of it is made up of sapwood (about 30 to 45 percent). Large buttresses also require the construction of a special platform to fell the tree. The large buttresses are believed to harbor evil spirits, and local woodsmen are reluctant to touch the tree. Comments Timber from the buttress of the tree is used to create decorative table tops in the Philippines Blunting Effect Little Medium dulling effect on cutting edges Boring Fair to good results Fairly easy to very easy Carving Fair to Good Results Fairly Easy to Very Easy Cutting Resistance Easy to saw Moderate blunting of saw teeth Easy to saw Gluing Fair to Good Results Satisfactory gluing properties Mortising Fair to Good Results Fairly Easy to Very Easy Responds well to hand and machine tools in mortising Good mortising properties The timber is rather easy to mortise and work in all woodworking operations. It responds well to both hand and machine tools, with moderate dulling effect on cutting edges. Straight-grained material works to a smooth finish but material with interlocked grain tends to pick-up on quartersawn surfaces Moulding Fair to Good Results Fairly Easy to Very Easy Movement in Service Fair to Good Stability - Medium Movement Medium Nailing Very Good to Excellent Results Fair to Good Results Fairly Easy to Very Easy Good nailing characteristics Planing Fairly Easy to Very Easy Fair to Good Results Resistance to Impregnation Resistant sapwood Resistant heartwood Poor response to preservative treatment Response to Hand Tools Responds Readily Routing & Recessing Fair to Good Results Fairly Easy to Very Easy Sanding Fair to Good Results Fairly Easy to Very Easy Screwing Very Good to Excellent Results Fair to Good Results Fairly Easy to Very Easy Good screwing properties Turning Fairly Easy to Very Easy Fair to Good Results Very Good to Excellent Results Excellent Steam Bending Poor to Very Poor Results Unsuitable Polishing Fair to Good Results Polishes to a high finish Staining Fair to Good Results Fairly Easy to Very Easy Very good staining properties Numerical Data Item Green Dry English Bending Strength 10356 14357 psi Crushing Strength 780 1225 psi Density 45 lbs/ft3 Hardness 1105 lbs Maximum Crushing Strength 4516 7056 psi Shearing Strength 1492 psi Static Bending 6231 10203 psi Stiffness 1318 1784 1000 psi Toughness 299 inch-lbs Specific Gravity 0.5 0.66 Weight 44 36. lbs/ft3 Radial Shrinkage 4 % Tangential Shrinkage 7 % Item Green Dry Metric Bending Strength 728 1009 kg/cm2 Crushing Strength 54 86 kg/cm2 Density 721 kg/m3 Hardness 501 kg Maximum Crushing Strength 317 496 kg/cm2 Shearing Strength 104 kg/cm2 Static Bending 438 717 kg/cm2 Stiffness 92 125 1000 kg/cm2 Toughness 344 cm-kg Specific Gravity 0.5 0.66 Weight 705 576. kg/m3 Radial Shrinkage 4 % References Chudnoff, M.,1984,Tropical Timbers of the World,U.S.A. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products,Laboratory, Madison. HMSO. 1972. Handbook of Hardwoods, 2nd Edition. Revised by R.H. Farmer. Department of the Environment, Building Research Establishment, Princes Risborough Laboratory, Her Majesty's Stationery Office, London. Keating, W.G., Bolza, E.,1982,Characteristics properties and uses of timbers. South East Asia, Northern,Australia and the Pacific,C.S.I.R.O. Div. Chemical Technology,Inkata Press,1 Lincoln, W.A. 1986. World Woods in Color. Linden Publishing Co. Inc., Fresno, California. Reyes, L.J. 1938. Philippine Woods. Department of Agriculture and Commerce, Technical Bulletin 7, Commonwealth of the Philippines, Bureau of Printing, Manila. WCMC. 1992. Conservation Status Listing - Trees and Timbers of the World. World Conservation Monitoring Center - Plants Programme, Cambridge, CB3 ODL, United Kingdom.