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Clicking any heading in the main data area (at right) will scroll the page back to this top position. Use the following links to jump to the associated section in the main data. Blunting Effect Boring Common Names Common Uses Countries of Distribution Cutting Resistance Distribution Overview Drying Defects Ease of Drying Family Name Grain Heartwood Color Kiln Schedules Luster Movement in Service Nailing Natural Durability Natural Growth Defects Numerical Data Planing Polishing References Regions of Distribution Response to Hand Tools Sapwood Color Scientific Name Silica Content Staining Strength Properties Texture Trade Name Tree Identification Tree Size Scientific Name Eperua jenmannii Trade Name Apa Family Name Leguminosae Common Names Apa, Ituri wallaba, Soft wallaba, Tabaco, Uapa, Wallaba, Wapa Regions of Distribution Latin America Countries of Distribution  [VIEW MAP] Guyana Common Uses Bridge construction, Charcoal, Decks, Flooring, Fuelwood, Particleboard, Poles, Posts, Railroad ties, Shingles Distribution Overview Generally found in the Guianas and into Venezuela and the Amazon region of northern Brazil. Heartwood Color Brown Red Purple Green/grey Pink Purple Red Dark brown Sapwood Color White Brown Yellow White to yellow Well defined Different than heartwood Grain Even Straight Straight Texture Fine Medium Medium to coarse Medium Coarse Luster Medium Low Natural Growth Defects Gum/resin streaks Gum/resin exudation Natural Durability Durable Susceptible to insect attack Non-resistant to termites Moderately durable Resistant to marine borers Non-resistant to marine borers Resistant to powder post beetles Resistant to attack from termites (Isoptera) Very durable Susceptible to marine borer attack Resistant to attack from powder post (Lyctid & Bostrychid) beetles Durable Silica Content Siliceous Kiln Schedules Dry at a slow speed Drying Defects Severe twisting/warping Severe end splitting Ease of Drying Moderately Difficult to Difficult Fairly Easy Tree Identification Bole/stem form is cylindrical Bole/stem form is buttressed Tree Size Bole length is 10-20 m Tree height is 30-40 m Tree height is 20-30 m Bole length is 20-30 m Blunting Effect High to severe Boring Moderately easy Cutting Resistance Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult to saw Cutting Resistance with green wood is difficult Movement in Service Unstable with Poor Stability - Large Movement Fair to Good Stability - Medium Movement Nailing Difficult to nail Planing Planes well, to a good finish Response to Hand Tools Fairly Difficult to Difficult to Work Easy to machine Moderate working qualities Polishing Very Good to Excellent Results Fair to Good Results Satisfactory results Good results Staining Finish is generally good Strength Properties Density (dry weight) = 53-60 lbs/cu. ft Density (dry weight) = 61-67 lbs/cu.ft Bending strength (MOR) = very high Bending strength (MOR) = medium Bending strength (MOR) = high Numerical Data Item Green Dry English Bending Strength 14597 21597 psi Density 57 lbs/ft3 Weight 56 45 lbs/ft3 Item Green Dry Metric Bending Strength 1026 1518 kg/cm2 Density 913 kg/m3 References Brown, W.H.,1978,Timbers of the World, No. 2 South America,TRADA, Red Booklet Series Erfurth, T., Rusche, H.,1976,The Marketing of Tropical Wood B. Wood Species from S. American Tropical,Moist Forests,F.A.O. Forestry Department Fanshawe, D.B.,1954,Forest Products of British Guiana Part 1 Principal Timbers,Forest Department British Guiana Forestry Bulletin (New Series 2nd,Edition,No.1