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Blunting Effect
Boring
Carving
Comments
Common Names
Common Uses
Countries of Distribution
Cutting Resistance
Drying Defects
Ease of Drying
Environmental Profile
Family Name
Gluing
Grain
Heartwood Color
Kiln Drying Rate
Kiln Schedules
Luster
Mortising
Moulding
Movement in Service
Nailing
Natural Durability
Numerical Data
Odor
Painting
Planing
Polishing
References
Regions of Distribution
Resin Content
Resistance to Impregnation
Resistance to Splitting
Response to Hand Tools
Routing & Recessing
Sanding
Sapwood Color
Scientific Name
Screwing
Staining
Steam Bending
Strength Properties
Texture
Trade Name
Tree Identification
Tree Size
Turning
Veneering Qualities

Scientific Name
Eucalyptus viminalis

Trade Name
Manna gum

Family Name
Myrtaceae

Wood Image 1

Common Names
Manna gum, Viminalis gum

Regions of Distribution
Oceania and S.E. Asia

Countries of Distribution  [VIEW MAP]
Australia

Common Uses
Boat building (general), Boxes and crates, Cabinetmaking, Flooring, Flooring: industrial heavy traffic, Fuelwood, Furniture, Handles: general, Heavy construction, Joinery, Ladders, Light construction, Paneling, Piling, Plywood, Poles, Pulp/Paper products, Sporting Goods, Tool handles, Vehicle parts, Veneer

Environmental Profile
Questionable
Vulnerable
Extinct
Endangered


Heartwood Color
Brown
Red
Yellow
Orange
Purple
Black
Yellow to golden-yellow to orange
Pale red to pink
White to cream


Sapwood Color
Yellow
White
White to yellow
Pinkish
Color not distinct from heartwood


Grain
Even

Generally straight, but not always
Interlocked


Texture
Fine
Medium
Even or uniform
Uniform
Coarse


Luster
Medium
High
Low


Natural Durability
Very durable
Resistant to marine borers
Resistant to termites
Susceptible to insect attack
Perishable
Non-resistant to powder post beetles
Resistant to powder post beetles
Susceptible to attack from termites (Isoptera)
Susceptible to marine borer attack
Susceptible to attack from powder post (Lyctid & Bostrychid) beetles
Perishable


Odor
Has an odor


Resin Content
buckles

Kiln Schedules
Dry at a moderate speed


Drying Defects
Checking
Distortion
Splitting
Severe collapse and honeycomb
Severe twisting/warping
Moderate twist/warp
Moderate collapse and honeycombing


Ease of Drying
Fairly Easy
Slowly
Variable
Reconditioning Treatement
Difficult


Kiln Drying Rate
Naturally dries slowly
Rapid
Drying rate is fairly rapid to fast


Tree Identification
Bole/stem form is straight


Tree Size
Trunk diameter is 100-150 cm
Tree height is 30-40 m
Trunk diameter is 150-200 cm
Tree height is 40-50 m
Bole length is 0-10 m
Bole length is 20-30 m


Comments
General finishing qualities are rated as satisfactory

Blunting Effect
High to severe
Moderate


Boring
Fairly easy to very easy
Fair to good results
Fairly difficult to very difficult


Carving
Fair to Good Results
Fairly Easy to Very Easy


Cutting Resistance
Easy to saw
Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult to saw
Cutting Resistance with dry wood is difficult


Gluing
Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult
Poor to Very Poor Results


Mortising
Fair to Good Results
Fairly Easy to Very Easy


Moulding
Fair to Good Results
Fairly Easy to Very Easy


Movement in Service
Excellent Stability - Small Movement


Nailing
Pre-Boring Recommended
Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult
Fair to Good Results
Pre-boring recommended
Difficult to nail


Planing
Fair to Good Results
Fairly Easy to Very Easy
Very Good to Excellent Results
Planes to a poor finish
Easy to plane
Ease of planing is moderate


Resistance to Impregnation
Resistant heartwood
Resistant sapwood
Permeable sapwood
Sapwood is permeable
Heartwood is extremely resistant
Sapwood is moderately resistant

and splits

Resistance to Splitting
Poor


Response to Hand Tools
Fairly Difficult to Difficult to Work
Easy to Work
Responds Readily
Moderate working qualities
Easy to machine
Difficult to machine


Routing & Recessing
Fair to Good Results
Fairly Easy to Very Easy
Satisfactory routing results


Sanding
Fair to Good Results
Very Good to Excellent Results
Fairly Easy to Very Easy


Screwing
Pre-boring recommended
Possible if prebored


Turning
Fair to Good Results
Fairly Easy to Very Easy
Very Good to Excellent Results
Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult


Veneering Qualities
Veneers easily
Veneers moderately easy
Suitable for peeling
Suitable for slicing
There is slight to moderate drying degrade and the potential for buckles and splits

Drying degrade is moderate to severe due to collapse

Steam Bending
Good


Painting
Fair to Good Results
Fairly Easy to Very Easy


Polishing
Fair to Good Results
Surface Preparation
Fairly Easy to Very Easy


Staining
Very Good to Excellent Results
Fair to Good Results
Fairly Easy to Very Easy


Strength Properties
Bending strength (MOR) = medium
Density (dry weight) = 46-52 lbs/cu. ft.
Shrinkage, Radial = fairly large
Max. crushing strength = high
Bending strength (MOR) = high
Shrinkage, Tangential = large
Shrinkage, Tangential = fairly large
Density (dry weight) = 53-60
Bending strength (MOR) = low
Hardness (side grain) = medium


Numerical Data
ItemGreenDryEnglish
Bending Strength984315333psi
Density48lbs/ft3
Hardness1658lbs
Maximum Crushing Strength50017687psi
Shearing Strength1713psi
Stiffness177420461000 psi
Weight4738lbs/ft3
Radial Shrinkage6%
Tangential Shrinkage9%
ItemGreenDryMetric
Bending Strength6921078kg/cm2
Density769kg/m3
Hardness752kg
Maximum Crushing Strength351540kg/cm2
Shearing Strength120kg/cm2
Stiffness1241431000 kg/cm2
Weight753608kg/m3
Radial Shrinkage6%

References
Australia - N.S.W. Forestry Commission,1968,Working Properties of some Native and Imported Timbers,Forestry Commission of New South Wales, Technical Publication No.8

Australia - N.S.W. Forestry Commission,1988,Furniture Timbers of New South Wales,Forest Commission, N.S.W., Aust. Tech. Publication No.1

Banks, C.H., Schoeman, J.P., Otto, K.P.,1977,The Mechanical Properties of Timbers with particular reference to South,Africa,South African Forestry Research Institute Bulletin,(Ed.,Schoeman, J.P. 1973 & Otto K.P. 1976,No.48

Berni, C.A., Bolza, E., Christensen, F.J.,1979,South American Timbers - The Characteristics, Properties and Uses of 190,Species,C.S.I.R.O Div. Building Research

Boas, I.H.,1947,The Commercial Timbers of Australia - Their Properties and Uses,Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Melbourne

Bolza, E., Keating, W.G.,1972,African Timbers - the Properties, Uses and Characteristics of 700 Species,C.S.I.R.O. Div. of Building Research

Bolza, E., Kloot, N.H.,1963,The Mechanical Properties of 174 Australian Timbers,C.S.I.R.O. Division of Forest Products Technological Paper,No.25

Gay, F.J., Et al,1955,Standard laboratory colonies of termites for evaluating the resistance of,timber, timber preservatives and other materials to termite attack.,C.S.I.R.O., Australia Bulletin,No.277

Scott, M.H.,1935,Weights of South African Growth Timbers,South African Department of Agriculture and Forestry Bulletin,No.145,Forest Products Institute, Forestry Series No.1

Takahashi, A.,1978,Compilation of Data on the Mechanical Properties of Foreign Woods (Part,III) Africa,Shimane University, Japan, Research Report on Foreign Wood No. 7









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