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Clicking any heading in the main data area (at right) will scroll the page back to this top position. Use the following links to jump to the associated section in the main data. Boring Certified Source Comments Common Names Common Uses Countries of Distribution Cutting Resistance Distribution Overview Drying Defects Ease of Drying Environmental Profile Gluing Grain Heartwood Color Kiln Drying Rate Luster Mortising Moulding Movement in Service Nailing Natural Durability Natural Growth Defects Numerical Data Odor Painting Planing Polishing Product Sources References Regions of Distribution Resistance to Impregnation Response to Hand Tools Sanding Sapwood Color Scientific Name Screwing Staining Steam Bending Texture Trade Name Tree Size Turning Varnishing Veneering Qualities Scientific Name Eugenia kuranda Trade Name Kelat Family Name Common Names Dangkhao, Kelat, Kuranda satinash, Mao Regions of Distribution Oceania and S.E. Asia Countries of Distribution  [VIEW MAP] Fiji, India, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Thailand Common Uses Beams, Bridge beams, Bridge construction, Bridge joists, Building materials, Crossties, Domestic flooring, Factory flooring, Flooring, Foundation posts, Marine construction, Parquet flooring, Pile-driver cushions, Piling, Poles, Posts, Rafters, Railroad ties, Roofing, Shipbuilding, Stakes, Structural work, Sub-flooring, Utility poles, Wharf construction Environmental Profile Abundant/Secure Rare Status has not been officially assessed Distribution Overview Australia and possibly other countries in the Indo-Malayan region. Heartwood Color Brown Red White Purple Red Pinkish white Greenish to greyish Brown Sapwood Color White Yellow Red Pink Color not distinct from heartwood Gray Grain Closed Figure Interlocked Wavy Wavy Interlocked The wood is described as figureless and rather plain in appearance. Texture Fine Even or uniform Uniform Moderately fine and even Luster High Slightly lustrous Natural Growth Defects Gum/resin streaks Natural Durability Non-durable Moderately durable Perishable Moderately durable Resistance to attack by pinhole borers and termites is also rated as moderate Odor Has an odor No specific smell or taste Drying Defects Splitting Checking Distortion Discoloration Moderate surface checking Moderate end spitting Ease of Drying Moderately Difficult to Difficult Fairly Easy Rapidly Medium to High Shrinkage Thick Stock Requires Care Slowly Requires slow to moderate drying schedule. Quartersawn stock dries with little degrade Weighting down of stacks and end-coating are recommended Kiln Drying Rate Naturally dries at a moderate speed Naturally dries quickly Tree Size Tree height is 10-20 m Tree height is 20-30 m Trunk diameter is 100-150 cm Tree height is 30-40 m Tree height is 40-50 m Product Sources Some species in the genus are reported to yield edible fruit, while others have an inner bark that produce tannin for curing leather and for toughening nets. Certified Source Certified Source Comments Variable weight Boring Fair to good results Fairly easy to very easy Cutting Resistance Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult to saw Saws cleanly with moderate blutning of cutting edges Cuts well Gluing Fair to Good Results Fairly Easy to Very Easy Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult Mortising Very Good to Excellent Results Fairly Easy to Very Easy Fair to Good Results Moulding Poor to Very Poor Results Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult Movement in Service Unstable with Poor Stability - Large Movement Nailing Fair to Good Results Pre-Boring Recommended Fairly Easy to Very Easy Very Good to Excellent Results Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult Tends to split during nailing Pre-boring recommended Planing Fairly Easy to Very Easy Very Good to Excellent Results Fair to Good Results Hard, heavy, and strong Yields clean and smooth, but lusterless surfaces Resistance to Impregnation Permeable heartwood Resistant heartwood Resistant sapwood Permeable sapwood Heartwood resistance to preservative treatment is very high Sapwood permeability ranges from treatable to moderately resistant Response to Hand Tools Easy to Work Fairly Difficult to Difficult to Work Responds well to hand tools Sanding Poor to Very Poor Results Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult Contains alkaloids giving it good acid resistance Screwing Very Good to Excellent Results Poor to Very Poor Results Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult Fair to Good Results Turning Fair to Good Results Fairly Easy to Very Easy Very Good to Excellent Results Yields clean surfaces Turned surfaces tend to be rough Responds readily to most ordinary tools Veneering Qualities Veneers moderately easy Difficult to veneer Veneers easily Suitable for peeling Steam Bending Fair to Good Results Very Good to Excellent Results Fairly Easy to Very Easy Painting Fair to Good Results Very Good to Excellent Results Fairly Easy to Very Easy Polishing Fair to Good Results Good results Staining Fair to Good Results Very Good to Excellent Results Fairly Easy to Very Easy Varnishing Fair to Good Results Fairly Easy to Very Easy Numerical Data Item Green Dry English Bending Strength 9506 13818 psi Density 40 lbs/ft3 Hardness 897 lbs Maximum Crushing Strength 4900 7526 psi Shearing Strength 1352 psi Static Bending 6125 8389 psi Stiffness 1529 1784 1000 psi Toughness 114 inch-lbs Specific Gravity 0.61 Radial Shrinkage 4 % Tangential Shrinkage 8 % Volumetric Shrinkage 15 % Item Green Dry Metric Bending Strength 668 971 kg/cm2 Density 641 kg/m3 Hardness 406 kg Maximum Crushing Strength 344 529 kg/cm2 Shearing Strength 95 kg/cm2 Static Bending 430 589 kg/cm2 Stiffness 107 125 1000 kg/cm2 Toughness 131 cm-kg Specific Gravity 0.61 Radial Shrinkage 4 % Tangential Shrinkage 8 % References Chudnoff, M.,1984,Tropical Timbers of the World,U.S.A. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products,Laboratory, Madison. Desch, H. E. 1954. Manual of Malayan Timbers - Volume II. Malayan Forest Records, No. 15. Malaya Publishing House Ltd., Singapore. Keating, W.G., Bolza, E.,1982,Characteristics properties and uses of timbers. South East Asia, Northern,Australia and the Pacific,C.S.I.R.O. Div. Chemical Technology,Inkata Press,1