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Blunting Effect
Boring
Carving
Comments
Common Names
Common Uses
Countries of Distribution
Cutting Resistance
Distribution Overview
Ease of Drying
Environmental Profile
Gluing
Grain
Heartwood Color
Kiln Drying Rate
Luster
Mortising
Moulding
Nailing
Natural Durability
Numerical Data
Odor
Painting
Planing
Polishing
References
Regions of Distribution
Resistance to Impregnation
Response to Hand Tools
Routing & Recessing
Sanding
Sapwood Color
Scientific Name
Screwing
Texture
Trade Name
Tree Size
Turning
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Common Names
Endra-endra, Fantsinakoko
Regions of Distribution
Africa
Countries of Distribution
[VIEW MAP]
Madagascar
Common Uses
Barge fenders, Building construction, Building materials, Cabin construction, Construction, Crossties, Docks, Dockwork, Domestic flooring, Factory construction, Flooring, Harbor work, Heavy construction, Marine construction, Medicinal use, Mine timbers, Naval architecture, Parquet flooring, Poles, Raft floats, Rafts, Railroad ties, Shipbuilding, Sub-flooring, Utility poles, Wharf construction
Environmental Profile
| Status has not been officially assessed |
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Distribution Overview
Madagascar
Heartwood Color
| Yellow |
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| Red |
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| Green/grey |
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| Brown |
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| Orange |
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| Pinkish-buff |
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Sapwood Color
| Red |
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| Yellow |
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| Well defined |
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| Grayish-yellow |
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Grain
Texture
Luster
Natural Durability
| Moderately durable |
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| Very good weathering properties |
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| Heartwood is highly resistant to termite attack |
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Odor
Ease of Drying
Kiln Drying Rate
| Naturally dries at a moderate speed |
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Tree Size
| Bole length is 10-20 m |
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| Tree height is 20-30 m |
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| Tree height is 30-40 m |
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Comments
Contains abrasive material which may affect machining
The timber is one of the heaviest and strongest on the market, and has remarkable stiffness properties.
Blunting Effect
Boring
| Fairly easy to very easy |
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| Abrasives in wood affect results |
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Carving
Cutting Resistance
| Easy to saw |
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| Very difficult |
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Gluing
Mortising
| Fairly Easy to Very Easy |
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| Very Good to Excellent Results |
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| Fair to Good Results |
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| Hard abrasives make mortising difficult |
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Moulding
| Fairly Easy to Very Easy |
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| Very Good to Excellent Results |
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| Fair to Good Results |
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| Difficult to mould |
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| Cutting edges dull rapidly |
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Nailing
Planing
| Fairly Easy to Very Easy |
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| Very Good to Excellent Results |
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| Fair to Good Results |
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| Wood abrasives affect ease of planing |
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| Difficult to plane |
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Resistance to Impregnation
| Heartwood is extremely resistant |
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Response to Hand Tools
Routing & Recessing
| Fairly Easy to Very Easy |
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| Very Good to Excellent Results |
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| Fair to Good Results |
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| Routing is difficult |
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Sanding
| Very Good to Excellent Results |
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| Fair to Good Results |
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| Difficult to sand |
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Screwing
Turning
| Cutting edges dull rapidly |
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Painting
Polishing
| Very Good to Excellent Results |
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| Fair to Good Results |
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| Good results |
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Numerical Data
| Item | Green | Dry | English |
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| Bending Strength | | 22932 | psi |
| Crushing Strength | | 4400 | psi |
| Density | | 76 | lbs/ft3 |
| Hardness | | 3312 | lbs |
| Maximum Crushing Strength | | 14622 | psi |
| Shearing Strength | | 2391 | psi |
| Static Bending | | 14161 | psi |
| Stiffness | | 3270 | 1000 psi |
| Toughness | | 340 | inch-lbs |
| Specific Gravity | | 1.18 | |
| Weight | 74 | 61. | lbs/ft3 |
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| Item | Green | Dry | Metric |
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| Bending Strength | | 1612 | kg/cm2 |
| Crushing Strength | | 309 | kg/cm2 |
| Density | | 1217 | kg/m3 |
| Hardness | | 1502 | kg |
| Maximum Crushing Strength | | 1028 | kg/cm2 |
| Shearing Strength | | 168 | kg/cm2 |
| Static Bending | | 995 | kg/cm2 |
| Stiffness | | 229 | 1000 kg/cm2 |
| Toughness | | 391 | cm-kg |
| Specific Gravity | | 1.18 | |
References
Banks, C.H. and J.P. Schoeman. 1963. Railway Sleeper and Crossing Timbers. Bulletin No. 41, Republic of South Africa. The Government Printer, Pretoria, South Africa.
Bolza, E., Keating, W.G.,1972,African Timbers - the Properties, Uses and Characteristics of 700 Species,C.S.I.R.O. Div. of Building Research
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