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Clicking any heading in the main data area (at right) will scroll the page back to this top position. Use the following links to jump to the associated section in the main data. Blunting Effect Boring Carving Certified Source Comments Common Names Common Uses Countries of Distribution Cutting Resistance Distribution Overview Drying Defects Ease of Drying Environmental Profile Family Name Gluing Grain Heartwood Color Kiln Drying Rate Kiln Schedules Light-Induced Color Change Luster Mortising Moulding Movement in Service Nailing Natural Durability Natural Growth Defects Numerical Data Odor Painting Planing Polishing Product Sources References Regions of Distribution Resistance to Impregnation Response to Hand Tools Routing & Recessing Sanding Sapwood Color Scientific Name Screwing Staining Steam Bending Strength Properties Texture Toxicity Trade Name Tree Identification Tree Size Turning Varnishing Veneering Qualities Scientific Name Hymenolobium excelsum Trade Name Para angelim Family Name Leguminosae Common Names Angelim, Angelim do Para, Angelim dos amarelos, Angelim pedra, Caramate, Ere joeroe, Erejoeroe, Lialiadon koleroe, Lialiandan koleroe, Para angelim, Para-angelim, Saandoe, Sapupira amarell, Sapupira amarella, St. Martin jaune Regions of Distribution Latin America Countries of Distribution  [VIEW MAP] Brazil, French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname Common Uses Boat building: decking, Boat building: planking, Building construction, Building materials, Cabin construction, Cabinetmaking, Chairs, Chests, Concealed parts (Furniture), Construction, Crossties, Desks, Dining-room furniture, Domestic flooring, Dowell pins, Dowells, Drawer sides, Factory construction, Factory flooring, Fine furniture, Floor lamps, Flooring, Flooring: industrial heavy traffic, Furniture , Furniture components, Furniture squares or stock, Furniture, General carpentry, Handles: general, Hatracks, Heavy construction, Joinery, Kitchen cabinets, Ladders, Light construction, Living-room suites, Marine construction, Millwork, Mine timbers, Office furniture, Paneling, Parquet flooring, Picture frames, Piling, Plywood, Radio - stereo - TV cabinets, Railroad ties, Rustic furniture, Stools, Sub-flooring, Tables , Turnery, Utility furniture, Vehicle parts, Veneer, Veneer: decorative, Wardrobes Environmental Profile Vulnerable Status has not been officially assessed Distribution Overview Upland forests of the central and eastern parts of the Brazilian Amazon region and extending northward into the Guianas and southward to Rio de Janeiro. Heartwood Color Brown Yellow Orange Red Purple Black Pale brown Brown Yellow to golden-yellow to orange Darkens upon exposure Brown-orange Sapwood Color White Yellow Brown Red Green/Grey White to yellow Color not distinct from heartwood Grain Figure Interlocked Straight Distinct (figure) Even Rippled (figure) Stripe (figure) Straight Interlocked Distinct figure Striped figure Straight to interlocked Rippled figure The wood exhibits a figure similar to that of Partridge wood. The figure is usually produced by alternating zones of dark and light wood tissue. Texture Coarse Medium Resinous and oily Medium coarse to coarse Uneven Coarse Luster Low Medium High Low Dull Natural Growth Defects Gum and mineral deposits Natural Durability Very durable Durable Susceptible to insect attack Non-resistant to powder post beetles Resistant to termites Resistant to marine borers Resistant to powder post beetles Very durable Moderately resistant to marine borer attack Durable Susceptible to attack from powder post (Lyctid & Bostrychid) beetles Resistant to attack from marine borers Heartwood resistant to decay Odor Has an odor Has a taste No specific smell or taste Light-Induced Color Change Darker Toxicity Some toxic effects Dermatitic effects Kiln Schedules Drying (speed) is fast Dry at a moderate speed Drying Defects Splitting Checking Distortion Slight surface checking Slight twist/warp Slight end splitting Moderate twist/warp Slight spring/bow No twisting or warping No surface checking No end splitting No cupping, generally Moderate spring/bow Generally free from spring and bow Ease of Drying Fairly Easy Slowly End-Coating Reconditioning Treatement Moderately Difficult to Difficult Moderate Difficult Dries rapidly Difficult to air dry Kiln Drying Rate Naturally dries slowly Rapid Drying rate is fairly rapid to fast Naturally dries at a moderate speed Tree Identification Bole/stem form is cylindrical Bole/stem form is buttressed Tree Size Trunk diameter is 100-150 cm Sapwood width is 5-10 cm Trunk diameter is 150-200 cm Tree height is 30-40 m Tree height is 40-50 m Bole length is 10-20 m Sapwood width is 0-5 cm Bole length is 0-10 m Bole length is 20-30 m Tree height is 20-30 m Bark width is 5-10 mm Bole length is 30-40 m Tree height is 50-60 m Bark width is 10-15 mm Sapwood width is 10-15 cm Product Sources The ITTO reports that the species is a very important source of timber. It is exported frequently. The wood is imported from Brazil into Spain, Italy, and Japan. Certified Source Certified Source Comments General finishing qualities are rated as good Blunting Effect Moderate High to severe Slight Boring Fairly easy to very easy Fair to good results Fairly difficult to very difficult Easy Carving Fairly Easy to Very Easy Good results Cutting Resistance Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult to saw Gum-Up Moderate to saw Easy to saw Cutting Resistance with green wood is easy Cutting Resistance with dry wood is easy Gluing Fair to Good Results Fairly Easy to Very Easy Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult Surface Preparation Easy to glue Mortising Fair to Good Results Very Good to Excellent Results Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult Easy to mortise Moulding Fair to Good Results Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult Good finishing results Movement in Service Excellent Stability - Small Movement Fair to Good Stability - Medium Movement Nailing Fair to Good Results Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult Pre-Boring Recommended Very Good to Excellent Results Poor to Very Poor Results Satisfactory nailing properties Easy to nail Planing Fair to Good Results Very Good to Excellent Results Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult Planes well, to a good finish Easy to plane Difficult to plane Resistance to Impregnation Resistant heartwood Resistant sapwood Permeable sapwood Sapwood is permeable Permeable Moderately permeable Heartwood is permeable Heartwood is extremely resistant Response to Hand Tools Easy to Work Fairly Difficult to Difficult to Work Responds Readily Easy to machine Excellent response Difficult to machine Routing & Recessing Fair to Good Results Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult Good in both routing and recessing. Sanding Very Good to Excellent Results Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult Fair to Good Results Good sanding qualities Screwing Fair to Good Results Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult Very Good to Excellent Results