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Clicking any heading in the main data area (at right) will scroll the page back to this top position. Use the following links to jump to the associated section in the main data. Blunting Effect Comments Common Names Common Uses Countries of Distribution Cutting Resistance Drying Defects Ease of Drying Family Name Gluing Grain Heartwood Color Kiln Drying Rate Luster Nailing Natural Durability Numerical Data Polishing References Regions of Distribution Resistance to Impregnation Resistance to Splitting Response to Hand Tools Sapwood Color Scientific Name Staining Steam Bending Strength Properties Synonyms Texture Trade Name Tree Identification Tree Size Varnishing Scientific Name Nauclea junghuhnii Trade Name Bangkal Family Name Rubiaceae Synonyms Sarcocephalus junghuhnii Common Names Bangkal, Kelempayan, Lenggaung, Mambog, Mengkal, Southern bangkal, Tjantaratan Regions of Distribution Oceania and S.E. Asia Countries of Distribution  [VIEW MAP] Australia, India, Papua New Guinea Common Uses Boat building: framing, Boxes and crates, Carvings, Flooring, Food containers, Furniture, Heavy construction, Joinery, Light construction, Matches, Particleboard, Plywood corestock, Plywood, Pulp/Paper products, Vats, Veneer: decorative Heartwood Color Red Pink Yellow Brown White Orange Purple Sapwood Color White Yellow Pink Grain Interlocked Figure Stripe (figure) Interlocked Striped figure Texture Fine Medium Medium Medium coarse to coarse Fine to medium Fine Luster Medium High Dull Natural Durability Moderately durable Durable Susceptible to insect attack Non-durable Perishable Non-resistant to powder post beetles Non-resistant to termites Susceptible to attack from powder post (Lyctid & Bostrychid) beetles Susceptible to attack from termites (Isoptera) Sapwood is susceptible to wood staining fungal attack Perishable Non durable Moderately durable Durable Drying Defects Collapse Internal Honeycombing Possible Splitting Distortion Slight surface checking No surface checking No end splitting Moderate twist/warp Ease of Drying Moderately Difficult to Difficult Slowly Variable Kiln Drying Rate Naturally dries slowly Tree Identification Bole/stem form is not buttressed Tree Size Tree height is 30-40 m Trunk diameter is 200-250 cm Trunk diameter is 150-200 cm Trunk diameter is 100-150 cm Tree height is 40-50 m Tree height is 20-30 m Bole length is 10-20 m Bole length is 20-30 m Trunk diameter is 250-300 cm Trunk diameter is 300-350 cm Comments General finishing qualities are rated as good Blunting Effect Moderate Cutting Resistance Cutting Resistance with dry wood is easy Gluing Fairly Easy to Very Easy Easy to glue Nailing Fairly Easy to Very Easy Difficult to nail Resistance to Impregnation Permeable sapwood Resistant heartwood Resistant sapwood Heartwood is moderately resistant Resistance to Splitting Poor Response to Hand Tools Easy to Work Easy to machine Steam Bending Fair to Good Results Polishing Fair to Good Results Staining Fair to Good Results Varnishing Fair to Good Results Fairly Easy to Very Easy Strength Properties Shrinkage, Tangential = very small Shrinkage, Radial = very small Shrinkage, Tangential = small Numerical Data Item Green Dry English Radial Shrinkage 2 % Tangential Shrinkage 5 % Item Green Dry Metric Radial Shrinkage 2 % References Burgess, P.F.,1966,Timbers of Sabah,Sabah Forest Record, no.6 Desch, H.E.,1954,Manual of Malayan Timbers (2 vols,Malayan Forest Records,no.15 Keating, W.G., Bolza, E.,1982,Characteristics properties and uses of timbers. South East Asia, Northern,Australia and the Pacific,C.S.I.R.O. Div. Chemical Technology,Inkata Press,1 Varian, H.F., Gallardo, A.C.,1940,Notes on the susceptibility to insect attack of Philippine woods,Philippine Journal of forestry 3(3) pp347-78