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Blunting Effect
Boring
Carving
Comments
Common Names
Common Uses
Countries of Distribution
Cutting Resistance
Distribution Overview
Drying Defects
Ease of Drying
Environmental Profile
Family Name
Gluing
Grain
Heartwood Color
Luster
Mortising
Moulding
Movement in Service
Nailing
Natural Durability
Numerical Data
Odor
Painting
Planing
Polishing
References
Regions of Distribution
Resistance to Impregnation
Response to Hand Tools
Sapwood Color
Scientific Name
Screwing
Staining
Steam Bending
Strength Properties
Synonyms
Texture
Trade Name
Tree Identification
Tree Size
Turning
Varnishing
Veneering Qualities
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Synonyms
Amburana claudii
Common Names
Amburana, Amburana de cheiro, Angelim, Brazillian oak, Cerejeira, Cerejeira rajada, Cerejeira-rajada, Cerejeiro, Cerejeiro rajada, Cumare, Cumaru, Cumaru das caatingas, Cumaru de ceara, Cumaru de cheiro, Cumaru do ceara, Cumaru-das-caatingas, Cumbaru das cantingas, Emburana, Imburana, Imburana de cheiro, Ishpingo, Louro inga, Palo trebol, Roble, Roble criollo, Roble del norte, Roble del pais, Sorgoto, Sorioco, Trebol, Umburana, Umburana cheira
Regions of Distribution
Latin America
Countries of Distribution
[VIEW MAP]
Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Peru
Common Uses
Bedroom suites, Boat building, Boat building: framing, Boxes and crates, Building construction, Building materials, Cabin construction, Cabinetmaking, Canoes, Carvings, Chairs, Chests, Concealed parts (Furniture), Construction, Cooperages, Desks, Dining-room furniture, Domestic flooring, Dowell pins, Dowells, Drawer sides, Drum sticks, Excelsior, Factory construction, Factory flooring, Fine furniture, Floor lamps, Flooring, Furniture , Furniture components, Furniture squares or stock, Furniture, Hatracks, Heavy construction, Joinery, Kitchen cabinets, Lifeboats, Light construction, Living-room suites, Mine timbers, Musical instruments , Office furniture, Organ pipes, Paneling, Parquet flooring, Piano keys, Pianos , Plywood corestock, Plywood, Shipbuilding, Structural work, Vats, Vehicle parts, Veneer: decorative
Environmental Profile
| Vulnerable |
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| Status unknown in many of its growth areas |
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| Data source is World Conservation Monitoring Center |
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| Considered vulnerable in its natural habitat because its numbers are threatened by serious adverse factors throughout its range. However, the species likely exists today in relatively large numbers. |
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Vulnerable in much of Peru, but thought to be more abundant in the western areas of Peru as well as Bolivia and Brazil.
Distribution Overview
Widely distributed in the dry regions of Brazil and northern Argentina. In Peru, found in the tropical dry regions of the Huanuco Department on deep well- drained soils.
Heartwood Color
| Brown |
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| Yellow |
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| Orange |
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| Red |
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| Green/grey |
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| Tan |
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| Yellow to golden-yellow to orange |
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| Pale brown |
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| Brown |
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| Yellowish tan |
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| Light brown |
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| Greenish to greyish |
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Sapwood Color
| Brown |
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| Yellow |
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| Different than heartwood |
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| Color not distinct from heartwood |
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Grain
| Figure |
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| Straight |
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| Other (figure) |
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| Interlocked |
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| Even |
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| Growth rings (figure) |
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| Irregular |
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| Stripe (figure) |
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| Generally straight, but not always |
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| Other figure |
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| Interlocked |
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| Clear growth rings (figure) |
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| Striped figure |
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| Moderately to severely interlocked |
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| Irregular |
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Texture
| Coarse |
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| Medium |
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| Resinous and oily |
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| Coarse |
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| Medium |
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| Medium to coarse |
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Luster
| Medium |
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| High |
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| Lustrous |
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| Pronounced |
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| Medium |
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| High |
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Natural Durability
| Durable |
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| Moderately durable |
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| Perishable |
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| Non-durable |
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| Non-resistant to powder post beetles |
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| Susceptible to insect attack |
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| Moderately durable |
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| Durable |
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| Susceptible to wood staining fungal attack |
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| Susceptible to attack from powder post (Lyctid & Bostrychid) beetles |
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| Resistant to decay |
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| Non durable |
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Odor
| Has an odor |
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| Has a taste |
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| Mildly scented |
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Cumarin or vanilla taste
Drying Defects
| Distortion |
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| Checking |
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| Moderate twist/warp |
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Drying Degrade (end splitting) = none
Ease of Drying
| Fairly Easy |
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| Slowly |
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| Medium to High Shrinkage |
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| Thick Stock Requires Care |
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| Easy |
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| High tangential shrinkage can result from lack of care during drying. |
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| Dries slowly |
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Tree Identification
| Bole/stem form is straight |
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| Bole/stem form is buttressed |
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Tree Size
| Tree height is 30-40 m |
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| Tree height is 20-30 m |
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| Bole length is 10-20 m |
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Comments
General finishing qualities are rated as good
General finishing qualities are rated as good
The nice scented seeds are used as perfume in toilet soaps and snuff. The fragrant oil contained in the bark of the tree is used for medicinal purposes. The species goes by many names, and is even referred to as Brazilian oak and Brazilian cherry by some in the United States because of its visual similarity to the two species.
Blunting Effect
| Moderate |
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| Blunting effect on sawing green wood is moderate |
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| Blunting effect on sawing dry wood is moderate |
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| Blunting effect on machining is moderate |
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Boring
| Fair to good results |
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| Fairly easy to very easy |
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| Use very sharp cutting edges to prevent grain from tearing |
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| Good (75+ pieces out of 100 will yield good to excellent results) |
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Carving
| Fair to Good Results |
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| Good results |
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Cutting Resistance
| Easy to saw |
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| Cutting Resistance with dry wood is easy |
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Gluing
| Fairly Easy to Very Easy |
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| Fair to Good Results |
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| Easy to glue |
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| Glues well |
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Mortising
| Fair to Good Results |
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| Fairly Easy to Very Easy |
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| Good mortising properties |
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Moulding
| Fair to Good Results |
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| Fairly Easy to Very Easy |
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| Good moulding properties |
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Movement in Service
| Excellent Stability - Small Movement |
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| Fair to Good Stability - Medium Movement |
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| Stable |
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| Small |
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| Holds shape well |
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Nailing
| Pre-Boring Recommended |
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| Fair to Good Results |
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| Poor to Very Poor Results |
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| Tends to split during nailing |
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| Pre-boring recommended |
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| Holds nails well |
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Planing
| Fairly Easy to Very Easy |
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| Fair to Good Results |
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| Good planing properties |
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| Easy to plane |
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| Advised to reduce cutting angle |
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Resistance to Impregnation
| Resistant heartwood |
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| Resistant sapwood |
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| Heartwood is resistant |
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| Sapwood has low permeability |
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Response to Hand Tools
| Easy to Work |
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| Responds Readily |
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| Easy to machine |
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| Responds well to hand tools |
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Screwing
| Pre-boring recommended |
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| Fair to Good Results |
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| Recommend pre-boring |
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Turning
| Fair to Good Results |
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| Sharp cutting edges required |
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| Good results |
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Veneering Qualities
| Veneers easily |
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| Suitable for slicing |
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| Suitable for peeling |
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| Difficult to veneer |
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| Veneers moderately easy |
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| Easy to cut |
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| There is slight to moderate drying degrade and the potential for buckles and splits |
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| Suitable for slicing |
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Steam Bending
| Fair to Good Results |
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| Moderate |
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| Good |
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Painting
| Poor to Very Poor Results |
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| Fair to Good Results |
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| Satisfactory results |
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Polishing
| Fair to Good Results |
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| Good results |
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Staining
| Fair to Good Results |
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| Very Good to Excellent Results |
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| Stains well |
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Varnishing
| Fair to Good Results |
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| Fairly Easy to Very Easy |
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| Satisfactory |
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Strength Properties
| Max. crushing strength = medium |
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| Shrinkage, Tangential = small |
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| Shrinkage, Radial = very small |
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| Bending strength (MOR) = medium |
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| Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = low |
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| Hardness (side grain) = very soft |
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| Density (dry weight) = 38-45 lbs/cu. ft. |
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| Bending strength (MOR) = low |
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| Shrinkage, Tangential = very small |
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| Shrinkage, Tangential = moderate |
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| Shrinkage, Radial = small |
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| Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = very low |
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| Density (dry weight) = 31-37 lbs/cu. ft. |
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| Shrinkage, Tangential = fairly large |
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| Max. crushing strength = low |
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| Hardness (side grain) = soft |
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Numerical Data
| Item | Green | Dry | English |
| | | |
| Bending Strength | 9245 | 13208 | psi |
| Density | | 40 | lbs/ft3 |
| Hardness | | 615 | lbs |
| Maximum Crushing Strength | 4257 | 6191 | psi |
| Shearing Strength | | 882 | psi |
| Stiffness | 1315 | 1462 | 1000 psi |
| Specific Gravity | 0.48 | 0.43 | |
| Weight | 41 | 39 | lbs/ft3 |
| Radial Shrinkage | 2 | | % |
| Tangential Shrinkage | 5 | | % |
| Volumetric Shrinkage | 7 | | % |
| | | |
| Item | Green | Dry | Metric |
| | | |
| Bending Strength | 650 | 928 | kg/cm2 |
| Density | | 641 | kg/m3 |
| Hardness | | 278 | kg |
| Maximum Crushing Strength | 299 | 435 | kg/cm2 |
| Shearing Strength | | 62 | kg/cm2 |
| Stiffness | 92 | 102 | 1000 kg/cm2 |
| Specific Gravity | 0.48 | 0.43 | |
| Weight | 657 | 624 | kg/m3 |
| Radial Shrinkage | 2 | | % |
| Tangential Shrinkage | 5 | | % |
References
Berni, C.A., Bolza, E., Christensen, F.J.,1979,South American Timbers - The Characteristics, Properties and Uses of 190,Species,C.S.I.R.O Div. Building Research
Brazier, J.D.,1975,Properties and uses of Brazilian woods,Journal of the Institute of Wood Science,7(2,pp50-57
Brown, W.H.,1978,Timbers of the World, No. 2 South America,TRADA, Red Booklet Series
Celulosa Argentina,1973,Libro del Arbol,Celulosa Argentina Buenos Aires 3 Vols
Chichignoud, M., G. Deon, P. Detienne, B. Parant and P. Vantomme. 1990. Tropical Timber Atlas of Latin America. International Tropical Timber Organization (ITTO, Centre Technique Forestier Tropical, Division of CIRAD, 45 bis, Avenue de la Belle Gabrielle, Nogent-sur-marne, CEDEX, France.
Chudnoff, M.,1984,Tropical Timbers of the World,U.S.A. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products,Laboratory, Madison.
Gomes Mauro, J., Occhioni, P.,1954,Pulping of Latin-American Woods,U.S.A. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products,Laboratory, Madison Report,2012,964
Kaiser, J. 1994. Cerejeira:The Fragrant Hardwood. Wood of the Month, Wood and Wood Products, April, 1994, Page 48.
Koehler, A.,1928,Tests on six Argentina Woods,Tropical Wood 2(14) pp15-20
Lincoln, W.A. 1986. World Woods in Color. Linden Publishing Co. Inc., Fresno, California.
Mainieri, C., Pereira, J.A.,1965,Madeiras do Brasil,Anuario Brasileiro de Economia Florestal,17(17,PP135-416
Mainieri, C.,1970,Madeiras Brasilieras,Sao Paulo Secretaria da Agricultra, Institulo Florestral
Mainieri, C.,1978,Fichas de Caracteristicas das Madeiras Brasileiras,Inst. Pesquisas Technologicas
Moore, G.,1983,B.R.E. Information - Carejura (Amburana acreana, A. cearensis,BRE Information Paper IF5/83
Record, S.J., Hess, R.W.,1943,Timbers of the New World,Yale University Press
Record, S.J., Mell, C.D.,1924,Timbers of Tropical America,Yale Univ. Press
Rizzini, C.T.,1978,Arvores e Madeiras Uteis do Brasil: Manual de Dendrologia Brasileira,Editora Edgard Blucher LTDA Brazil
Sao Paulo - Instituto de Pesquisas Tecnologicas,1956,Tabelas de Resultados obtidos para Madeiras Nacionais,Inst. Pesq. Tec. Sao Paulo, Brazil Bol., No.31(2nd Ed.)
Simpson, W.T. and J.A. Sagoe. 1991. Relative Drying Times of 650 Tropical Woods : Estimation by Green Moisture Content, Specific Gravity, and Green Weight Density. United States Department of Agriculture (USDA, Forest Service, General Technical Report FPL-GTR-71, Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, Wisconsin.
Takahashi, A.,1975,Compilation of data on the Mechanical Properties of Foreign Woods (Part 2,Central and South America,Shimane University, Japan, Research Report on Foreign Wood No.4
Tortorelli, L.,1956,Maderas y Bosques Argentinos,Editorial Acme S.A.C.I. Buenos Aires
Tropical Timber Information Centre,1975,Amburana acreana (Ducke) A.C. Smith, Amburana cearensis (Fr Allem) A.C.,Smith,State University, New York,TTIC brief No.8
WCMC. 1992. Conservation Status Listing - Trees and Timbers of the World. World Conservation Monitoring Center-Plants Programme, Cambridge, CB3 ODL, United Kingdom.
White, N.C.,1971,Trials of timber for plywood manufacture: Laran - Anthocephalus cadamba,(A. chinensis,Forest Products Research Laboratory, Princes Risborough. Progress Report,No.73
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