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Blunting Effect
Boring
Carving
Common Names
Common Uses
Cutting Resistance
Drying Defects
Ease of Drying
Environmental Profile
Family Name
Grain
Heartwood Color
Kiln Drying Rate
Kiln Schedules
Luster
Mortising
Moulding
Movement in Service
Nailing
Natural Durability
Numerical Data
Odor
Planing
Polishing
References
Resistance to Impregnation
Response to Hand Tools
Routing & Recessing
Sanding
Sapwood Color
Scientific Name
Screwing
Silica Content
Staining
Strength Properties
Synonyms
Texture
Toxicity
Trade Name
Tree Identification
Turning
Veneering Qualities
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Synonyms
Osmanthus welwitschii, Steganthus welwitschii, Linociera welwitschii, Mayepea welwitschii
Common Names
Elgon olive, Elgon teak, Gibengeyi, Loliondo, Mchihio, Murguiwet, Musodo, Musoko, Musuga, Mutukuyu, Muukuro, Muukuru, Omugando, Omusoke, Omusoko, Pekeriaondet
Common Uses
Boat building (general), Cabinetmaking, Decks, Flooring, Flooring: commercial heavy traffic, Furniture, Heavy construction, Joinery, Light construction, Mine timbers, Musical instruments, Paneling, Piling, Poles, Railroad ties, Turnery, Vehicle parts
Environmental Profile
Heartwood Color
| Purple |
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| Brown |
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| Pale brown |
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| Pale red to pink |
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| Yellow to golden-yellow to orange |
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| White to cream |
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| Reddish brown |
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| Brown |
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Sapwood Color
| Yellow |
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| White to yellow |
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| Well defined |
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Grain
| Interlocked |
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| Straight |
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| Variable (figure) |
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| Figure |
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| Even |
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| Interlocked |
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| Straight |
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| Variable figure |
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Texture
| Even or uniform |
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| Uniform |
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| Medium |
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| Coarse |
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| Fine |
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| Medium |
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| Fine to medium |
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Luster
Natural Durability
| Durable |
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| Non-resistant to powder post beetles |
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| Moderately durable |
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| Resistant to attack from termites (Isoptera) |
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| Pinworms (ambrosia beetles) often present in the standing tree |
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| Pinworms (ambrosia beetles) may be present in the felled log |
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| Very durable |
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| Resistant to attack from powder post (Lyctid & Bostrychid) beetles |
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| Non durable |
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| Moderately resistant to termite (Isoptera) attack |
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| Moderately resistant to marine borer attack |
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Odor
Silica Content
Toxicity
Kiln Schedules
| UK=C US=T3C2/T3C1 Fr=3 |
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| Dry at a slow speed |
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| Kiln Drying Rate (in days) is rather slow |
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| Dry at a moderate speed |
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Drying Defects
| Splitting |
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| Distortion |
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| Slight end splitting |
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| Moderate surface checking |
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| Moderate collapse and honeycombing |
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| No end splitting |
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| Slight surface checking |
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| Moderate twist/warp |
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| Moderate cupping |
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Ease of Drying
Kiln Drying Rate
| Slow (18-28 days for boards < 32 mm, to 52-84 days for boards >= 63 mm) |
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Tree Identification
| Bole/stem form is buttressed |
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| Bole/stem form is cylindrical |
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Blunting Effect
| High to severe |
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| Blunting effect on machining is slight |
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Boring
| Fairly difficult to very difficult |
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Carving
| Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult |
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Cutting Resistance
| Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult to saw |
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| Cutting Resistance with dry wood is easy |
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| Cutting Resistance with dry wood is difficult |
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Mortising
| Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult |
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Moulding
| Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult |
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| Good finishing results |
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Movement in Service
| Fair to Good Stability - Medium Movement |
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| Small |
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| Stable |
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Nailing
| Difficult to nail |
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| Easy to nail |
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| Possible if prebored |
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Planing
| Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult |
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| Difficult to plane |
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Resistance to Impregnation
| Permeable sapwood |
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| Resistant heartwood |
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| Resistant sapwood |
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| Heartwood is moderately resistant |
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Response to Hand Tools
| Difficult to machine |
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| Easy to machine |
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Routing & Recessing
| Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult |
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Sanding
Screwing
Turning
| Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult |
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| Easy to turn |
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| Good results |
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Veneering Qualities
| Easy to cut |
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| Suitable for slicing |
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| Suitable for peeling |
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Polishing
| Fair to Good Results |
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| Satisfactory results |
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Staining
| Finish is generally satisfactory |
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Strength Properties
| Max. crushing strength = high |
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| Hardness (side grain) = medium |
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| Density (dry weight) = 46-52 lbs/cu. ft. |
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| Shrinkage, Tangential = very small |
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| Shrinkage, Radial = very small |
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| Bending strength (MOR) = medium |
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| Bending strength (MOR) = high |
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| Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = low |
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| Toughness-Hammer drop (Impact Strength) = low |
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| Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = medium |
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| Bending strength (MOR) = low |
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| Shrinkage, Tangential = small |
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| Shrinkage, Tangential = moderate |
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| Shrinkage, Radial = small |
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| Shrinkage, Radial = large |
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| Max. crushing strength = very high |
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Numerical Data
| Item | Green | Dry | English |
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| Bending Strength | 10376 | 16137 | psi |
| Density | | 47 | lbs/ft3 |
| Hardness | | 1658 | lbs |
| Impact Strength | | 28 | inches |
| Maximum Crushing Strength | 7140 | 10225 | psi |
| Shearing Strength | | 2205 | psi |
| Stiffness | 1358 | 1568 | 1000 psi |
| Weight | 46 | 37 | lbs/ft3 |
| Radial Shrinkage | 2 | | % |
| Tangential Shrinkage | 4 | | % |
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| Item | Green | Dry | Metric |
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| Bending Strength | 729 | 1134 | kg/cm2 |
| Density | | 753 | kg/m3 |
| Hardness | | 752 | kg |
| Impact Strength | | 71 | cm |
| Maximum Crushing Strength | 502 | 718 | kg/cm2 |
| Shearing Strength | | 155 | kg/cm2 |
| Stiffness | 95 | 110 | 1000 kg/cm2 |
| Weight | 737 | 592 | kg/m3 |
| Radial Shrinkage | 2 | | % |
References
Bois, P.J.,1966,The Strength Properties of Tanzania Timbers,Tanzania Forest Div. Util. Sec. Moshi Tech. Note, No.35
Bolza, E., Keating, W.G.,1972,African Timbers - the Properties, Uses and Characteristics of 700 Species,C.S.I.R.O. Div. of Building Research
Brenan, J.P.M., Greenway, P.J.,1949,Check-lists of the Forest Trees and Shrubs of the British Empire,Imperial Forestry Institute, Oxford No.5 Tanganyika Territories Part 2
Bryce, J. and Kitambi, G.,1960,The Air-drying Properties of some Tanganyika Timbers Technical Note No 23,Tanganyika Forest Department Utilisation Division Technical Note
Bryce, J.M.,1967,Commercial Timbers of Tanzania,Tanzanian Forestry Division Util. Sec. Moshi
Forest Products Research Laboratory, U.K.,1954,Hardwoods for Industrial Flooring,Forest Products Research Laboratory, Princes Risborough, Leaflet, No.48
Forest Products Research Laboratory, U.K.,1957,Timbers for Flooring,Forest Products Research Laboratory, Princes Risborough, Bulletin, No.40
Forest Products Research Laboratory, U.K.,1969,The Movement of Timbers,Forest Products Research Laboratory, Princes Risborough Technical Note,No.38
Grant, D.K.S.,1934,Some Local Timbers,Tanzania Forest Department
Jane, F.W.,1954,The Structure of World Timbers - Loliondo and Muhuhu,Timber Technology,62(2184, pp493-5
Murira, K.,1984,Natural Durability Tests of Tanzanian Timbers 1955 - 1982,Tanzania Forestry Research Institute, Timber Utilisation Research Centre,,Moshi.
Patterson, D.N.,1963,The strength of Kenya timbers, their derivation and application,Kenya Forestry Department Research Bulletin,No.23
Tack, C.H.,1953,Plywood and veneer species,Forest Department, Uganda. Technical Note 5/1953
Tack, C.H.,1969,Uganda Timbers,Govt. Printer Uganda
Takahashi, A.,1978,Compilation of Data on the Mechanical Properties of Foreign Woods (Part,III) Africa,Shimane University, Japan, Research Report on Foreign Wood No. 7
Tanzania - Timber Marketing Co. Ltd.,1978,Timber from Tanzania
Tanzania Forest Department,1960,The Natural Durability of Local Timbers,Tanzanian Forest Dept. Tech. Note,No.14
Tanzania Forest Department,1966,Flooring Timbers,Tanzania Forest Div. Util. Sec. Moshi - Timbers of Tanganyika
Tanzania Forest Division,1965,Olea welwitschii (Loliondo,Tanzania Forest Div. Utll. Sec. Moshi - Timbers of Tanganyika
Tanzania Forest Division,1966,Kiln Drying Schedules for Tanzania Timbers Technical Note no.38,Tanzania Forest Div. Util. Sec. Moshi
Tanzania Forest Division,1967,The Weights and Shrinkage of some Local Timbers,Tanzania Forest Div. Util. Sect. Technical Note,No.25
Timber Development Association Ltd.,1955,World Timbers (3 Vols.,Timber Development Association Ltd.
Uganda Forest Department,1954,The Mechanical Properties of some Ugandan Timbers,Uganda Forest Department Timber Leaflet,No.1
Uganda Forest Department,1955,Elgon Olive (Olea welwitschii,Uganda Forestry Department Timber Leaflet,No.23
Uganda Forest Department,1969,The Shrinkage of Some Ugandan Timbers,Uganda Forestry Department Timber Leaflet,No.47
Wimbush, S.H.,1950,Catalogue of Kenya Timbers,Govt. Printer Nairobi Kenya
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