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Comments Common Names Common Uses Countries of Distribution Cutting Resistance Distribution Overview Drying Defects Ease of Drying Environmental Profile Family Name Gluing Grain Heartwood Color Kiln Drying Rate Kiln Schedules Light-Induced Color Change Luster Movement in Service Natural Durability Natural Growth Defects Numerical Data Odor Planing Polishing References Regions of Distribution Resistance to Impregnation Response to Hand Tools Sapwood Color Scientific Name Strength Properties Texture Trade Name Tree Identification Tree Size Turning Scientific Name Amoora cucullata Trade Name Amoora Family Name Meliaceae Common Names A'amatia, Amoora, Amur, Bekak, Bor-amari, Garotai, Goi, Latmi, Lulua, Manatapuku, Maoa, Maota, Mua mua, Muta, Namota, Natmi, New Guinea amoora, Pacific maple, Rose kamala, Solomon Island amoora, Tasua Regions of Distribution Oceania and S.E. Asia Countries of Distribution  [VIEW MAP] Burma, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Nepal, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands, Thailand, Vietnam Common Uses Balusters, Bedroom suites, Boat building (general), Boat building, Boat building: decking, Boat building: framing, Boxes and crates, Building construction, Building materials, Cabinetmaking, Canoes, Chairs, Charcoal, Chests, Clogs, Concealed parts (Furniture), Construction, Decks, Desks, Dining-room furniture, Domestic flooring, Dowell pins, Dowells, Drawer sides, Excelsior, Fine furniture, Floor lamps, Flooring, Furniture , Furniture components, Furniture squares or stock, Furniture, Handles: woodworking tools, Hatracks, Heavy construction, Interior construction, Interior trim, Joinery, Kitchen cabinets, Ladders, Lifeboats, Light construction, Living-room suites, Moldings, Oars, Office furniture, Paneling, Parquet flooring, Particleboard, Plywood, Poles, Radio - stereo - TV cabinets, Roofing, Rustic furniture, Shipbuilding, Stairworks, Toys, Turnery, Vehicle parts, Veneer, Veneer: decorative, Windows Environmental Profile Rare Status unknown in many of its growth areas Rare in parts of its natural range (population is at risk) Data source is World Conservation Monitoring Center Known status applies to natural habitat in Orissa State, India. Unknown status covers Nepal, Thailand, Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, Sarawak, and the Andaman Islands Distribution Overview Australia (Queensland). Heartwood Color Red Brown White Pink Purple Reddish brown Dark brown Pale red to pink Whitish Red Pinkish white Sapwood Color Pink White Yellow Brown Red Tan Pinkish White to yellow Clearly differentiated from the heartwood Tan to brown in color Paler than heartwood Grain Interlocked Straight Even Figure Other (figure) Weak (figure) Interlocked Generally straight, but not always Weak figure Other figure Texture Medium Fine Coarse Medium Fine to medium Medium to coarse Luster Medium High Lustrous Natural Growth Defects Whitish deposits in vessels Natural Durability Moderately durable Susceptible to insect attack Non-durable Non-resistant to powder post beetles Perishable Durable Non-resistant to termites Moderately durable Non durable Susceptible to attack from powder post (Lyctid & Bostrychid) beetles Pinworms (ambrosia beetles) are commonly present Susceptible to wood staining fungal attack Susceptible to attack from termites (Isoptera) Perishable Durable Vulnerable to attack by pin-hole borers and termites Odor No specific smell or taste Light-Induced Color Change Darker Kiln Schedules Kiln Drying Rate (in days) is fairly rapid Uk=C US=T3C2/T3C1 Fr=3 Uk=B US=T2C2/T2C1 Fr=2 Dry at a slow speed Dry at a moderate speed Drying Defects Internal Honeycombing Possible Distortion Checking Collapse Honeycombing possible Slight twist/warp Moderate twist/warp Moderate surface checking Ease of Drying Fairly Easy Thick Stock Requires Care Slowly Easy Spiral grain should be weighted down to prevent possible distortion. Kiln Drying Rate Rapid Drying rate is fairly rapid to fast Naturally dries slowly Naturally dries at a moderate speed Rapid (<10 days for boards < 32 mm, to <30 days for boards >= 63 mm) Tree Identification Bole/stem form is buttressed Bole/stem form is straight Tree Size Tree height is 30-40 m Tree height is 10-20 m Tree height is 20-30 m Bole length is 20-30 m Tree height is 40-50 m Trunk diameter is 100-150 cm Comments General finishing qualities are rated as good Cutting Resistance Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult to saw Easy to saw Cutting Resistance with dry wood is difficult Difficult to saw Gluing Fairly Easy to Very Easy Fair to Good Results Moderate gluing properties Easy to glue Movement in Service Excellent Stability - Small Movement Small Planing Fair to Good Results Smooth surface Resistance to Impregnation Resistant heartwood Resistant sapwood Heartwood is resistant Sapwood has low permeability Response to Hand Tools Easy to Work Responds Readily Easy to machine Responds well to hand tools Turning Fairly Easy to Very Easy Easy to turn Polishing Fair to Good Results Satisfactory results Good results Strength Properties Max. crushing strength = medium Bending strength (MOR) = medium Shrinkage, Radial = moderate Hardness (side grain) = soft Density (dry weight) = 31-37 lbs/cu. ft. Shrinkage, Tangential = large Shrinkage, Tangential = fairly large Modulus of Elasticity = moderate Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = low Shrinkage, Tangential = moderate Density (dry weight) = 38-45 lbs/cu. ft. Shrinkage, Tangential = small Shrinkage, Radial = small Hardness (side grain) = medium Shrinkage, Radial = fairly large Density (dry weight) = 46-52 lbs/cu. ft. Bending strength (MOR) = low Numerical Data Item Green Dry English Bending Strength 8146 13264 psi Crushing Strength 363 563. psi Density 41 lbs/ft3 Hardness 1017 lbs Maximum Crushing Strength 3833 6589 psi Shearing Strength 1691 psi Static Bending 4929 8448 psi Stiffness 1476 1735 1000 psi Toughness 103 inch-lbs Specific Gravity 0.53 Weight 40 29 lbs/ft3 Radial Shrinkage 3 % Tangential Shrinkage 7 % Item Green Dry Metric Bending Strength 572 932 kg/cm2 Crushing Strength 25 39. kg/cm2 Density 657 kg/m3 Hardness 461 kg Maximum Crushing Strength 269 463 kg/cm2 Shearing Strength 118 kg/cm2 Static Bending 346 593 kg/cm2 Stiffness 103 121 1000 kg/cm2 Toughness 118 cm-kg Specific Gravity 0.53 Weight 641 464 kg/m3 Radial Shrinkage 3 % References Anon,1963,Indian Woods: Their Identification, Properties and uses. Vol.II Linaceae,to Moringaceae,Manager of Publications, Delhi, India Bolza, E. and N. H. Kloot. 1966. The Mechanical Properties of 81 New Guinea Timbers. Technological Paper No. 41. Division of Forest Products, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Melbourne, Australia. Bolza, E., Kloot, N.H.,1976,The Mechanical Properties of 81 New Guinea Timbers,C.S.I.R.O. Div. Building Res. Tec.Paper (2nd series) 11 Bolza, E.,1975,Properties and Uses of 175 Timber Species from Papua New Guinea and West,Irian,C.S.I.R.O. Div. Building Research Report,no.34 Bolza, E.,1981,The Mechanical properties of 33 Solomon Islands timbers,C.S.I.R.O. Div. Building Research. Technical Paper (2nd series) No.37 Burgess, P.F.,1966,Timbers of Sabah,Sabah Forest Record, no.6 Chudnoff, M.,1984,Tropical Timbers of the World,U.S.A. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products,Laboratory, Madison. Da Costa, E.W.B., Osborne, L.D.,1967,Comparative decay resistance of 26 New Guinea timber species in,accelerated laboratory tests,Comm. Forestry Review 46(1) pp63-74 Desch, H. E. 1954. Manual of Malayan Timbers - Volume II. Malayan Forest Records, No. 15. Malaya Publishing House Ltd., Singapore. Desch, H.E.,1954,Manual of Malayan Timbers (2 vols,Malayan Forest Records,no.15 Eddowes, P.J. 1977. Commercial Timbers of Papua New Guinea - Their Properties and Uses. Forest Products Research Center, Office of Forests, Department of Primary Industry, Papua New Guinea. Eddowes, P.J.,1977,Commercial Timbers of Papua New Guinea: Their Properties and Uses,Hebano Press, Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea Gotz, E.,1983,Timber trees of the Gambia,Stiftung Walderhaltung in Afrika and Bundesforschungsanstalt fur Forst-,und Holzwirtschaft Keating, W.G., Bolza, E.,1982,Characteristics properties and uses of timbers. South East Asia, Northern,Australia and the Pacific,C.S.I.R.O. Div. Chemical Technology,Inkata Press,1 Kininimonth, J.A.,1982,Properties and uses of the timbers of Western Samoa, Indigenous,Hardwoods,Forest Research Institute, Rotorua, New Zealand Lebacq, L., Dechamps, R.,1967,Contribution a un Inventaire de Forets du Nord-kasai,Musee Royal de L'Afrique Centrale Belgium Annals Series 8 No.5 Ng, F.S.P. (Ed,1989,Tree Flora of Malaya A Manual for Foresters Volume 4,Forest Research Institute Malaysia Ministry of Primary Industries Osborne, L.D.,1970,Decay resistance of South-West Pacific rain forest timbers,C.S.I.R.O.,Div. for Prod., Tech. paper No.56 Papua New Guinea Department of Forests,1972,New Horizons,Forestry in Papua New Guinea,Jacaranda Press PTY Ltd, Brisbane Sekhar, A.C., Rana, R.S.,1957,Physical and mechanical properties of wood tested at the Forest Research,Institute, Dehra Dun,. Report IX,Indian Forest Records (ns) Timber Mechanics 1(10) pp167-70 Solomon Islands, Ministry of Natural Resources, Forestry Division,1979,Solomon Islands Timbers - Minor Species,Solomon Islands, Ministry of Natural Resources, Forestry Division, Honiara,Timber Booklet 2 WCMC. 1992. Conservation Status Listing - Trees and Timbers of the World. World Conservation Monitoring Center-Plants Programme, Cambridge, CB3 ODL, United Kingdom.