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Clicking any heading in the main data area (at right) will scroll the page back to this top position. Use the following links to jump to the associated section in the main data. Carving Comments Common Names Common Uses Countries of Distribution Cutting Resistance Distribution Overview Drying Defects Ease of Drying Environmental Profile Family Name Grain Heartwood Color Kiln Schedules Luster Movement in Service Nailing Natural Durability Natural Growth Defects Numerical Data Odor Planing Polishing Product Sources References Regions of Distribution Resistance to Impregnation Resistance to Splitting Response to Hand Tools Sanding Sapwood Color Scientific Name Strength Properties Texture Toxicity Trade Name Tree Identification Tree Size Turning Scientific Name Pericopsis mooniana Trade Name Pericopsis Family Name Leguminosae Common Names Joemoek, Kayu laut, Kuku, Nani laut, Nedun, Pericopsis Regions of Distribution Oceania and S.E. Asia Countries of Distribution  [VIEW MAP] Indonesia, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Sri Lanka Common Uses Agricultural implements, Balusters, Bedroom suites, Billiard-cue butts, Boat building (general), Boat building, Boxes and crates, Bridge construction, Brush backs & handles, Building construction, Building materials, Cabin construction, Cabinetmaking, Canoes, Carvings, Construction, Decks, Domestic flooring, Drawer sides, Drum sticks, Factory construction, Factory flooring, Flooring, Flooring: commercial heavy traffic, Furniture , Furniture, Handles: general, Heavy construction, Interior construction, Joinery, Kitchen cabinets, Ladders, Lifeboats, Light construction, Living-room suites, Mine timbers, Moldings, Musical instruments , Musical instruments, Office furniture, Organ pipes, Paneling, Parquet flooring, Piano keys, Pianos , Piling, Plywood, Poles, Radio - stereo - TV cabinets, Railroad ties, Shipbuilding, Sounding boards, Sporting Goods, Stairworks, Stringers, Sub-flooring, Toys, Turnery, Vehicle parts, Veneer, Veneer: decorative, Violin bows, Violin, Xylophones Environmental Profile Data source is World Conservation Monitoring Center This species is officially classified as Vulnerable within its natural growth range in Indonesia, Rare in Malaysia, and either Extinct, Endangered, Vulnerable, or Rare in Java, Kalimantan (Indonesia), and Sri Lanka. Its status in the wild is listed as unknown because of insufficient information in Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Borneo, Sulawesi, Micronesia, and Palau Distribution Overview The species occurs in southeast Asia, and is found in Malaysia, Sri Lanka, Indonesia, and the Philippines. Heartwood Color Dark brown Dark brown The heartwood is deep red to dark brown in color, and darkens upon exposure Sapwood Color White to yellow Sapwood is lighter than heartwood Paler than heartwood Grain Interlocked Figure Even Straight Growth rings (figure) Mottled (figure) Interlocked Straight Mottled figure Clear growth rings (figure) Darker streaks are reported to appear in a mottled pattern on quartersawn surfaces. White deposits are often present in the wood Texture Fine Fine Luster Lustrous Natural Growth Defects Whitish deposits in vessels Natural Durability Resistant to marine borers Durable Susceptible to attack from powder post (Lyctid & Bostrychid) beetles Very durable Resistant to attack from powder post (Lyctid & Bostrychid) beetles Moderately resistant to marine borer attack Moderately durable The timber is seldom attacked by marine borers Odor No specific smell or taste Toxicity Sawdust can cause throat irritation in some individuals Sawdust can cause eye irritation in some individuals Respiratory effects Kiln Schedules Dry at a slow speed Drying Defects Resin Exudation Tannin may promote wood discoloration during drying Ease of Drying Gum Exudation Easy Minimal care is required to achieve very good results during drying Tree Identification Bole/stem form is not buttressed Tree Size Tree height is 20-30 m Trunk diameter is 100-150 cm Product Sources Trunk Data Trunk diameter of the mature tree is about 12 to 28 inches (30 to 70 cm). Comments The bark of the tree is reported to contain tannin Carving Good results Cutting Resistance Cutting Resistance with dry wood is easy Sawing characteristics are good Movement in Service Stable The timber is dimensionally stable, and holds its shape well after manufacture Nailing Holds nails well Splits easily during nailing Planing Good planing properties Easy to plane Reduced cutting angles have been recommended since it has a slight tendency to pick-up. Resistance to Impregnation Sapwood is moderately resistant Heartwood is resistant Heartwood is extremely resistant Resistance to Splitting Poor Response to Hand Tools Easy to Work Responds well to hand tools Easy to machine Sanding Good sanding properties Turning Easy to turn The material is reported to generally work well with ordinary machine tools. It turns, mortises, moulds, bores, and routs fairly easily, but may pick-up slightly in some operations. Polishing Very Good to Excellent Results Fair to Good Results Satisfactory results Polishing properties are satisfactory after filling Strength Properties Shrinkage, Radial = moderate Density (dry weight) = 46-52 lbs/cu. ft. Shrinkage, Tangential = large Moderate Fairly large Small Small Shrinkage, Volumetric = moderate Large Fairly large 53-60 lbs/cu. ft. The bending strength qualities of this species in the air-dry condition is very high, far superior to those of Mahogany. It has superior properties in compression parallel to grain in the air-dry condition than Teak, White oak, or Hard maple. The wood has high density. Numerical Data Item Green Dry English Bending Strength 11319 17640 psi Density 48 lbs/ft3 Maximum Crushing Strength 5684 9457 psi Shearing Strength 2259 psi Stiffness 1891 2166 1000 psi Weight 48 38 lbs/ft3 Radial Shrinkage 4 % Tangential Shrinkage 8 % Volumetric Shrinkage 11 % Item Green Dry Metric Bending Strength 795 1240 kg/cm2 Density 769 kg/m3 Maximum Crushing Strength 399 664 kg/cm2 Shearing Strength 158 kg/cm2 Stiffness 132 152 1000 kg/cm2 Weight 769 608 kg/m3 Radial Shrinkage 4 % Tangential Shrinkage 8 % References Bolza, E.,1975,Properties and Uses of 175 Timber Species from Papua New Guinea and West,Irian,C.S.I.R.O. Div. Building Research Report,no.34 Burgess, P.F.,1966,Timbers of Sabah,Sabah Forest Record, no.6 Eddowes, P.J. 1977. Commercial Timbers of Papua New Guinea - Their Properties and Uses. Forest Products Research Center, Office of Forests, Department of Primary Industry, Papua New Guinea. Eddowes, P.J.,1977,Commercial Timbers of Papua New Guinea: Their Properties and Uses,Hebano Press, Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea Griffiden, K.,1967,Mechanical, physical and other properties of some West Irian (New Guinea,wood species and their suitability for the wood working industries in the,Netherlands,Forest Products Research Institute, TNO, Delhi, Netherlands Keating, W.G., Bolza, E.,1982,Characteristics properties and uses of timbers. South East Asia, Northern,Australia and the Pacific,C.S.I.R.O. Div. Chemical Technology,Inkata Press,1 Stadelman, R.C.,1966,Forests of South-East Asia,Wimmer Bros., Memphis Tennessee Whitmore, T.C. (Ed.,1972,Tree Flora of Malaya A Manual for Foresters Volume 1,Forest Department Ministry of Agriculture and Lands Malaysia